Chapter 1 Health and Quality of Life Flashcards
Key Terms and Concepts
Health
World Health Organization 1947:
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.
Health Field Concept
Four areas or types of factors that contribute to health: human biology (bodily systems, genetics, maturation, etc.), environment (climate, economics, community structure, social norms), lifestyle (controllable choices and behaviors), and health care system (factors related to health care delivery).
Medical Model
Emphasizes “fixing a problem” through diagnosis and treatment.
Wellness Perspective
Focuses on moving toward a positive state of health and well-being.
Commonly Accepted Dimensions of Personal Wellness
Physical, Intellectual, Emotional, Social, Spiritual, Environmental, Occupational, Financial
Total Wellness
An integrated or holistic combination of the dimensions of personal wellness.
Quality of Life
Used by health professionals to refer to an individual’s or a groups perceptions about physical and mental well-being over time.
Health Related Quality of Life
HRQOL, Used to refer to the impact of health problems and health promotion on wellness. Became a useful criterion for measuring disparities in health and well-being across groups.
Reciprocal Determinism
A relationship coined by Bandura, concerning how parts to a whole directly influence other factors. Mutually influencing relationship: A change in any one area, either positive or negative, can impact conditions in the other two areas.
Non-controllable Risk Factors
Factors outside of a persons individual control which can impact the type and severity of health and quality of life issues: age, gender, and genetics.
Health Literacy
Often used to describe knowledge and skills levels needed to navigate the health care system and obtain quality care. The capacity to obtain, interpret, and understand basic health information and services.
Social Indicators
Statistical measures of environmental factors (physical and social) that serve as evidence of a community’s health and well-being.
Socio-Ecological Model
The Socio-Ecological model provides a tool for conceptualizing how the health and quality of life of individuals are impacted by ever-widening layers of influence from interpersonal groups, individual organizations or institutions, community networks, and public policies.
Professional Paradigm
The philosophical or theoretical framework and related practices of a professions. The rational for why and how members of that profession use certain approaches in their work.
Health Promotion
Any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational mechanisms that support actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals, groups, and communities.
