Chapter 1 Health And Lifestyle

Question 1

Nutrients

Answer 1

Carbohydrates
Protein
Fats
Vitamins 
Minerals
Water

Question 2

Carbohydrates

Answer 2

Nutrients that are found in foods

They give us energy

Question 3

Proteins

Answer 3

They will make our bodies grow and repair body tissues (e.g. muscles)

Question 4

Fats

Answer 4

Nutrients found in foods

They give us instant energy insulation

Question 5

Vitamins

Answer 5

They will keep our skin, teeth and bones healthy

Question 6

Obese

Answer 6

Slightly big and overweight

Question 7

Starvation

Answer 7

Not feeding the body enough nutrients

Question 8

Energy

Answer 8

the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity.

Question 9

Mouth

Answer 9

It is used for many things but for food the mouth is like a gateway to your body once the food is swallowed it will travel down to the oesophagus

Question 10

Oesophagus

Answer 10

A tube that carries food from the mouth to the stomach by muscular contractions called ‘peristalsis’

Question 11

Stomach

Answer 11

A muscular sac. Food is mixed with stomach acid (hydrochloric acid) and digestive enzymes and churned (mixed up).

Question 12

Liver

Answer 12

A large organ that produces a green liquid called bile that neutralises stomach acid and helps break down fats into tiny droplets

Question 13

Pancreas

Answer 13

A gland (leaf shaped) below the stomach that produces digestives enzymes that help break down foods

Question 14

Small intestines

Answer 14

Long thin tube that food moves through after the stomach. Digested food is absorbed from the small intestine into bloodstream. More enzymes are produced there to break down food further. the blood then transports the nutrients to all body cells.

Question 15

Large intestines

Answer 15

Water is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream. Passes undigested food into the rectum

Question 16

Enzymes

Answer 16

They are produced from the organ (pancreas) to break fats and food into smaller parts.

Question 17

Drug

Answer 17

A drug is a chemical that changes the way your body or brain works. Drugs may alter your behaviour as well as your metabolism

Question 18

Alcohol

Answer 18

Is a depressant and counted as units and people shouldn’t go over 14 units in a week otherwise it is called binge drinking.

Question 19

Stimulant drug

Answer 19

Stimulants speeds up the activity of the nervous systems (e.g.) increases feelings of well-being, and increase energy and alertness.

Question 20

Depressant drug

Answer 20

They can slow down the activity of brain and nervous system causing sleepiness and forgetfulness.

But can be relaxing for a short amount of time and may be addictive.

Question 21

Drug addiction

Answer 21

Your body is dependent on that specific drug (meaning that you have to keep taking it otherwise your body will go crazy). But very difficult to stop taking it.

Question 22

Pain-killers

Answer 22

Pain-killers block nerve impulses meaning they reduce the pain that the person is feeling and reasons it is addictive.

Question 23

Performance enhancers

Answer 23

It is used for to enhance muscle growth (‘anabolic’ effects’) or to reduce fat (catabolic effects). Steroids occur naturally or can be produced synthetically.

Question 24

Hallucinogen

Answer 24

They have powerful mind-altering effects and cause people to see and hear things that are not there (hallucinate).

Question 25

Ethanol

Answer 25

Ethanol is found inside alcohol and other drinks. When consumed it is absorbed into your bloodstream then to your brain which will effect on your nervous systems

Question 26

Carbon monoxide

Answer 26

A gas that takes place of oxygen in red blood cells. That reduces the amount of oxygen that the blood can carry. It means that the circulatory systems has to work harder which will lead to heart disease

Question 27

Nicotine

Answer 27

An addictive stimulant drug. Nicotine increases the heart rate and blood pressure, and makes blood vessels narrower than normal. This can
lead to heart disease.

Question 28

Tar

Answer 28

A sticky brown substance that is deposited in the lungs. It damages the alveoli which affects the gas exchange it is a carcinogen

Question 29

Passive smoking

Answer 29

Passive smoking is known as to breath in other people’s smoke your risk of developing circulatory and respiratory conditions increases.

Question 30

Rehabilitation

Answer 30

It is a treatment or treatments designed to facilitate the process of recovery from injury, illness, or disease to as normal condition as possible.

Question 31

Medicinal drugs

Answer 31

Drugs that are used as medicines and medicines that are prescribed by doctors (drugs used for legal reasons).

Question 32

Recreational drug

Answer 32

Drugs that gives a temporary good feelings but in the long terms it has many risks when taken and most of the drugs are mostly illegal in most countries

Question 33

Units of alcohol

Answer 33

In a week people are supposed to have 14 units of alcohol if they go over in a short amount of time it is therefore called binge drinking.

Question 34

Short term affects of alcohol

Answer 34

Short term affects of alcohol can cause a variety of problems such as:

Drowsiness
Vomiting 
Diarrhoea
Headaches
Unconsciousness
Anemia
Blackouts

Question 35

Long term effects of alcohol

Answer 35

Long term effects of alcohol:

Accidental injuries such as car crash, falls, burns and drowning.
Alcohol poising
High blood pressure and other heart related diseases.
Nerve damage
Cancer on mouth and throat
Affects relationships and family problems.
Permanent damage on brains.