Chapter 1-Genes Flashcards
What is DNA?
DNA is the carrier of genes,it defines what your characteristic is
Where is DNA located?
DNA is located in the cell membrane
What is inside the nucleus?
Inside the nucleus there is DNA in the form of a chromosome
What is a dominant alleles?
A dominant alleles only needs one of the characteristic to be present
What is a recessive alleles?
A recessive alleles needs two of the same gene to be present
What is the Capital Letter in genes/characteristic
The large letter is dominant
What is the minuscule letter in genes/characteristic
The minuscule letter represents recessive alleles in a gene
Genetic Genes
Sex
Eye colour
Environmental Genes
Tattoos
Facial hair
Scars
Homozygous
Homozygous: same alleles of that gene
Hetrozygous
Heterozygous: different alleles of that gene
What are gametes
Sex cells
What are the names of genetic diagrams
Punnet
Squares
A name of an inherited disorder
Cystic Fibrosis
What is cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis produces lots of sticky mucus in the oesophagus making it difficult to breath this is a recessive alleles
What is Polydactyl
Polydactyl is a disease that makes a human being have an extra digit on their hands or feet/ this is a dominant alleles
What is variation
Variation, in biology, any difference between cells, individual organisms, or groups of organisms of any species caused either by genetic differences (genotypic variation) or by the effect of environmental factors
Chromazome
A Chromosome is carrying genetic information in the form of genes
What is selective breeding
Selective breeding is a specific type of breeding chosen by humans
Sexual Reproduction
the production of new living organisms by combining genetic information from two individuals of different types (sexes).
Asexual reproduction
Is when only one of the parents is needed to breed
What is clone
A clone is a asexually bread animal in which it is identical to it’s ancestor
What is genetic engineering
Genetic Engineering involves changing the genetic material of on organism. You cut a gene from one organism using enzymes. Then transfer it to a gene of a completely different organism.
What is environmental variation?
Environmental variation are certain traits that aren’t inherited and are caused by the environment, for example the length of your hair, tattoos or your weight
Out of brown and blue eyes, which is dominant and which is recessive?
Brown is dominant and blue is recessive.
Is the polydactyl cell dominant or recessive?
Dominant
Is cystic fibrosis dominant or recessive?
Recessive
What would the ratio for dominant to recessive be for the parents Bb x Bb?
3:1 (75%)
What does it mean to be a carrier of a disorder?
With a disorder like cystic fibrosis where the allele is recessive, if you have one dominant and one recessive you are a carrier of the gene. You cannot be a carrier of polydactyl as it is a dominant allele.
What is a punnet square?
A punnet square is a genetic diagram showing the probability of the different outcomes for your offspring based on your alleles.
What is love?
Baby don’t hurt me
