Chapter 1: GENERAL CONCEPT AND STS HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS

Question 1

historical changes in the thoughts, beliefs, and social institutions due to new ideas and principles

Answer 1

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION

Question 2

a period where paradigm shifts occurred and where scientific beliefs that have been widely embraced and accepted by the people were challenged and opposed

Answer 2

INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTION

Question 3

When science and technology are the center of an intellectual revolution

Answer 3

SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

Question 4

also refer to the historical period** when science became more important** and influential during the Middle Ages

Answer 4

SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION

Question 5

**they **were the first to explain the world
in terms of natural laws rather than myths
about gods and heroes

Answer 5

GREEKS

Question 6

they passed on the idea of the value of
math and experiment in science

Answer 6

WESTERN SCIENCE

Question 7

the AGE for people committed to scholarly line in science yet it was also a deeply trying moment to some individuals

Answer 7

GOLDEN AGE

Question 8

In human history, there were three intellectuals who significantly changes the views about the world and humanity.

Answer 8

1. NICOLAS COPERNICUS
2. CHARLES DARWIN
3. SIGMUND FREUD

Question 9

Copernicus was a Polish astronomer
and mathematician

Answer 9

NICOLAUS COPERNICUS

Question 10

model of the universe proposed that
the sun is the center of the universe

Answer 10

HELIOCENTRIC MODEL

Question 11

said that the Earth is the center of the
universe

Prosposed by: Ptolemy & Church

Answer 11

GEOCENTRIC MODEL

Question 12

In astrology, who are the 2 main supporters the Earth was considered a powerful, extraordinary celestial body that is the center of the universe.

Answer 12

Ptolemy and Aristotle

Question 13

His model suggested that the Earth is equal to
the other planets and they all revolve around the sun

Answer 13

CORPERNICUS (HELIOCENTRIC MODEL)

Question 14

READ AND MEMORIZE

Answer 14

This debunked the astrological view. People at that time began to question astrology and started to embrace more the science of astronomy.

Question 14

These scientists made it possible to understand and explain many phenomena in the universe in a mathematical way.

Successors of Copernicus

Answer 14

1. TYCHO BRAHE
2. JOAHNNES KEPLER
3. GALILEO GALILEI

Question 15

His work made the telescope popular even for non astronomers. This marked the beginnings of popular science and science fiction.

Answer 15

GALILEO GELILEI

Question 16

Charles Darwin was an English scientist whose works, Origin of Species and Decent of Man

Answer 16

CHARLES DARWIN

Question 17

1) Darwin’s works suggested that
humans are?

Answer 17

natural and are subject to the laws of
science

Question 18

is the main rational behind humans’
current existence and attributes.

Answer 18

natural selection

Question 19

He suggested that humans evolved from pre existing organisms

Answer 19

CHARLES DARWIN

Question 20

genetic variation within a population which can be inherited

Answer 20

Variation

Question 21

Overproducton of offspring leads to** competition for survival**

Answer 21

Competition

Question 22

Individuals with beneficial adaption are more likely to survive to pass on their genes

Answer 22

ADAPTION

Question 23

Over many generations, ther is a change in allele frequency (evolution)

Answer 23

SELECTION

Question 24

READ AND MEMORISE

Answer 24

Darwin’s works suggested that humans are not so different versus other organisms

Question 25

Charles Darwin is recognized as
the pioneer of what field?

Answer 25

EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY

Question 26

Science came from Latin word scientia, meaning

Answer 26

KNOWLEDGE

Question 27

Copernicus proposed the ________ (sun-centered) view of the universe

Answer 27

HELIOCENTRIC

Question 28

was the first to provide a mechanism on the theory of evolution

Answer 28

CHARLES DARWIN