Chapter 1: Fundamental Debates In Social Policy Flashcards
What is social policy?
Social policy can be defined as the substances of initiatives, typically range of public interventions, intended to address social needs.
Name all three welfare categories?
Social welfare, fiscal welfare and occupational welfare.
What is social welfare?
Social welfare includes ‘visible’ benefits such as pensions and child allowances, as well as services in areas such as education and health.It also includes services delivered through third sector organisations (TSO’s) in areas such as housing and financial assistance. (Welfare Support)
Define Fiscal Welfare?
Citizens receive fiscal welfare through the taxation system it can include allowances for dependant children and spouses.
What are selective systems?
Selective systems are policies and practices that provide or aim to provide social assistance to a SELECT GROUP of people deemed to be in greatest need, provided on the basis of an income or means test and associated with arguments for a reduction in state expenditure welfare (residual system)
What is a universal system?
A universal system focuses on policies and practices that provide or aim to provide social assistance to EVERYONE in society or at least everyone within a broad category without requiring an income or means test, or fulfilment, or fulfilment of mutual obligation activity.
What is social justice?
Social justice focuses on a policy approach that seeks to ensure ALL members of society regardless of their age, gender, sexuality, ethnicity, income, race, and disability, have equitable access to services and programs, and are able to contribute to the economic, social, political and cultural life of society.
Define equality?
It is the quality of treating all people the same, regardless of their advantages and disadvantages
Define equity?
the quality of treating each person differently, in accordance with their advantages or disadvantages with the aim the aim of facilitating equality of outcomes.
What is horizontal equity?
The principle of horizontal equity is used to judge fairness (often of taxes), which holds tax payers who have the same income should pay the same amount in taxes an receive the same benefits.
What is vertical equity?
Is a principle important of redistributing income within society, which is used to judge fairness (often of taxes) and holds that tax payers who are able to pay more taxes should contribute more than those who are less able to do so.
What responsibility does Institutional redistributive entail?
It entails universal state run services that redistribute income and reduce social inequality, with assuaging needs seen as important than promoting economic productivity.
What responsibility does industrial achievement performance entail?
It entails the state assuaging needs with a view to increasing work performance and productivity; that is, with primary aim of ensuring the success of the economy.
What are residual responsibilities?
They entail focusing on the state intervening in society only if teh family and the market cannot provide for peoples needs, with recipients of welfare being stigmatised as failures.
What does the activation principle entail?
The social policy entails emphasis on compulsory acquisitions of skills by welfare beneficiaries, to enhance their ability to participate in the labour market; its main aim is to minimise their potential of welfare dependancies.
