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World History 1 > Chapter 1: From the Origins of Agriculture to the First River Valley Civilizations > Flashcards

Chapter 1: From the Origins of Agriculture to the First River Valley Civilizations Flashcards

1
Q

What is civilization?

A

Ambiguous, describes a more complex society or group sharing cultural traits.

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2
Q

What are the eight traits of civilization?

A

Artistic and scientific advancements, building of monuments, specialized labor, cities as administrative centers, long distance trade, status distinctions, political system based on control of territory and not kinship, record keeping

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3
Q

What are the eight traits of civilization?

A

Artistic and scientific advancements, building of monuments, specialized labor, cities as administrative centers, long distance trade, status distinctions, political system based on control of territory and not kinship, record keeping

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3
Q

What is culture?

A

Socially transmitted plans of action and expression

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4
Q

What is culture?

A

Socially transmitted plans of action and expression

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4
Q

What is history?

A

The study of past events and changes in the development, transmission, and transformation of cultural practices.

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5
Q

What is the stone age?

A

Historical period categorized by tools made of stone and other nonmetal substances

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6
Q

What is Paleolithic?

A

The period of early stone age associated with the evolution of early humans

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7
Q

What is Neolithic

A

The period of stone age associated with the Agricultural Revolutions

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7
Q

What is history?

A

The study of past events and changes in the development, transmission, and transformation of cultural practices.

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8
Q

What are foragers?

A

Hunter gatherers

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9
Q

What are the Agricultural Revolutions?

A

The change from food gathering to food production

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9
Q

What is the stone age?

A

Historical period categorized by tools made of stone and other nonmetal substances

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10
Q

What are megaliths?

A

Structures and complexes of very large stone possibly constructed for certain ceremonial and religious purposes in Neolithic times

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11
Q

Sumerians

A

People who dominated southern Mesopotamia through the end of the third millennium BCE responsible for much of Mesopotamian culture.

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11
Q

What is Paleolithic?

A

The period of early stone age associated with the evolution of early humans

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12
Q

Semitic

A

Family of related languages spoken across parts of Western Asia and North Africa

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13
Q

City-state

A

Small independent state consisting of an urban center surrounded by agricultural territory

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13
Q

What is Neolithic

A

The period of stone age associated with the Agricultural Revolutions

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14
Q

Babylon

A

The largest and most important city in Mesopotamia

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15
Q

Hammurabi

A

Amorite ruler, conquered many Mesopotamian city-states, best known for Hammurabi’s Code

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15
Q

What are foragers?

A

Hunter gatherers

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16
Q

Scribe

A

Professional position reserved for men with much training, must read and write

17
Q

Ziggurat

A

Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mud bricks, function unknown

17
What are the Agricultural Revolutions?
The change from food gathering to food production
18
Cuneiform
System of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols represent words or symbols which originated in Mesopotamia
19
Bronze
Alloy of copper and tin, better than copper
19
What are megaliths?
Structures and complexes of very large stone possibly constructed for certain ceremonial and religious purposes in Neolithic times
20
Bronze Age
Era when bronze was the primary metal for tools and weapons
21
Sumerians
People who dominated southern Mesopotamia through the end of the third millennium BCE responsible for much of Mesopotamian culture.
21
Pharaoh
Central figure in ancient Egyptian state, believed to be earthly manifestation of gods, had absolute power
22
Ma'at
Egyptian term for divinely created and maintained order of the universe
23
Pyramid
Large triangular stone monument used in Nubia and Egypt for tombs and kings
23
Semitic
Family of related languages spoken across parts of Western Asia and North Africa
24
Memphis
Capitol of Old Kingdom Egypt, near head of Nile Delta
25
Thebes
Capitol city of Egypt and home of ruling dynasties during Middle and New Kingdoms
25
City-state
Small independent state consisting of an urban center surrounded by agricultural territory
26
Hieroglyphics
System of writing in which pictoral symbols represented sounds, syllables, and concepts, used in ancient Egypt, required long study, confined to scribes
27
Papyrus
Reed that grows along banks of the Nile used to make earliest form of paper
27
Babylon
The largest and most important city in Mesopotamia
28
Mummy
Body preserved by chemicals or natural cirumstance, often because it is believed the dead will need a body for the afterlife, important in ancient Egypt
29
Harappa
Site of one of the great Indus Valley civilizations
29
Hammurabi
Amorite ruler, conquered many Mesopotamian city-states, best known for Hammurabi's Code
30
Mohenjo-Daro
Largest of the cities in the Indus Valley civilization, little known, large scale construction, street grid, and standardization of building materials suggests strong central planning
31
Scribe
Professional position reserved for men with much training, must read and write
33
Ziggurat
Massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mud bricks, function unknown
35
Cuneiform
System of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols represent words or symbols which originated in Mesopotamia
37
Bronze
Alloy of copper and tin, better than copper
39
Bronze Age
Era when bronze was the primary metal for tools and weapons
40
Pharaoh
Central figure in ancient Egyptian state, believed to be earthly manifestation of gods, had absolute power
42
Ma'at
Egyptian term for divinely created and maintained order of the universe
45
Pyramid
Large triangular stone monument used in Nubia and Egypt for tombs and kings
47
Memphis
Capitol of Old Kingdom Egypt, near head of Nile Delta
49
Thebes
Capitol city of Egypt and home of ruling dynasties during Middle and New Kingdoms
51
Hieroglyphics
System of writing in which pictoral symbols represented sounds, syllables, and concepts, used in ancient Egypt, required long study, confined to scribes
53
Papyrus
Reed that grows along banks of the Nile used to make earliest form of paper
55
Mummy
Body preserved by chemicals or natural cirumstance, often because it is believed the dead will need a body for the afterlife, important in ancient Egypt

World History 1 (8 decks)

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