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Biomechanics > Chapter 1: Forces > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Forces Flashcards

1
Q

Force

A

A push or pull exerted by one object, on another object

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2
Q

Force pairs are ___in size but act in ___direction on each object

A

equal, opposite

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3
Q

What causes (or tends to cause) an object to accelerate?

A

start, stop, speed up, slow down, change direction

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4
Q

Forces are measured in

A

SI: Netwon (N) English: pound (lb)

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5
Q

The size of push or pull

A

Magnitude

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6
Q

Line of action

A

Direction

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7
Q

Which way a force is pushing or pulling

A

Sense

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8
Q

Where the push or pull is applied on the object

A

Point of application

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9
Q

What 2 quantities does a vector require?

A

Magnitude and direction

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10
Q

True or False? The effect of the forces acting on the body are not affected by changes in the dimensions or shape
ie. hitting a water balloon vs baseball with a baseball bat

A

True

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11
Q

Pair of forces that act WITHIN the object or system
-hold the object together

A

Internal force

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12
Q

Two types of internal force, one pulls (tension) and one squeezes (compression)

A

Tensile force and compressive force

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13
Q

Muscles pull on ____, which pull on____.

A

tendons, bones

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14
Q

Bones push on ____, which pushes on other____ and bone

A

cartilage

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15
Q

A type of force that acts on an object or system through interaction with environment

A

External force

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16
Q

A type of external force where objects touch each other

A

Contact force

17
Q

A type of external force where objects are not touching each other

A

Noncontact force

18
Q

A type of external force that is the weight of an object

A

Gravitational force

19
Q

Force of gravity acting on an object

A

Weight

20
Q

Formula for Weight

A

W= m*g
W=weight in newtons
m=mass in kg
g=acceleration due to gravity= 9.81 m/s squared or approx 10m/s squared

21
Q

What is the numerical value for g (acceleration d/t gravity)

A

9.81 m/s squared downward, or 10 m/s squared

22
Q

True or false, contact forces occur not only when object touch each other, but each force acts separately on one of the objects.
-Also called reaction forces

A

True

23
Q

A normal contact force is _____ to the two objects in contact

A

perpendicular

24
Q

A parallel contact force is____to contacting surfaces of two objects
-also known as ___force
-opposes motion or sliding between surfaces

A

parallel, friction

25
Q

Static friction is when two surfaces are not/are moving on each other

A

NOT

26
Q

The maximum friction before objects start to slide

A

Limiting friction

27
Q

Dynamic friction is when two surfaces are/are not moving on each other

A

ARE

28
Q

Two other names for Dynamic friction

A

sliding or kinetic friction

29
Q

The great the R (normal reaction force) the greater the ____affected by characteristics of the two materials in contact represented by___.

A

friction, greek drippy looking u (greek letter mu)

30
Q

Formula for friction

A

F=uR

31
Q

The sum of all external forces acting on one object
-also called resultant force
-not simply summing all external force magnitudes, must account for ___of each external force

A

Net force, direction

32
Q

____ forces is one or more external forces with the same line as action, with identifying one direction as ____ and the opposite direction as _____

A

Colinear, positive and negative

33
Q

___forces are not colinear but act through the same point. Example of this force: ____

A

Conccurrent, gymnast hanging from grab bar

34
Q

Formula for concurrent forces

A

RF squared = HF (net hoizontal force) squared + VF (net vertical force) squared

35
Q

True or false: Sometimes external forses are not colinear and do not act only in the horizontal and vertical directions

A

Tues

Biomechanics (7 decks)

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