Chapter 1 Evolution, the themes of biology, and Scientific inquiry Flashcards
What is evolution
The process of change that has transformed life on earth
Evolution is the result of___
An organism’s adaptations to its environment
What is biology
The scientific study of life
What is Order
The highly organised structure that supports life.
What is an evolutionary adaptation
Adaptations develop over many generations as a result of the reproductive success of people who have inherited characteristics that are most compatible with their settings.
What is regulation/ homeostasis
Self-regulating process, such as the jack rabbit’s ears
What is energy processing
A source of energy for all organism’s metabolic activities
What is reproduction
Organisms (living things) reproduce their own kind
what is the response to the environment
When a living thing responds to its environment, it is responding to a stimulus.
What are growth and development
Genes carry inherited information that regulates how organisms, like this young oak, grow and develop.
What are the 5 unifying themes
Organization
Information
Energy & Matter
Interaction
Evolution
What is the biological category
Molecule
Organelles
Cells
Tissues
Organs/organ system
Organisms
Population
Communities
Ecosystem
The Biosphere
What are emergent properties
The unexpectedly new qualities that are produced by the arrangement and interaction (synergy) of parts inside a system
What is reductionism
The process of breaking down complex systems into their component parts to make them easier to understand
What is System Biology
Analyzing how different biological system components interact in order to understand how complex biological systems naturally are
What is a cell
The smallest part of an organism capable of carrying out all life-supporting functions
What surrounds the cell and controls the flow of materials into and out of the cell and preserves an environment inside the cell that is distinct from its surroundings (homeostasis)
Membrane
What’s a Prokaryotic cell
Simpler and usually smaller and does not contain a nucleus or other membrane-enclosed organelles
What is DNA
Chromosomes that contain the form of genetic material
Each chromosome has__
One long DNA molecule with hundreds and thousands of genes
What do genes encode
The instructions for building the chemical that cells produce
What is the foundation of inheritance
Genes
What do DNA controls
the development and maintenance of organisms
