Chapter 1 - Erikson Flashcards
What is the 1st stage in Erikson’s theory?
Trust vs. Mistrust
Age 0-1
Important for babies to trust caregivers and environment
If they gain concrete sense of trust, they can move thru rest of stages easier
If they don’t learn to trust, they won’t trust the world
What is the 2nd stage in Erikson’s theory?
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
Age 1-3
Learn to be somewhat independent or can doubt abilities
Important to encourage their efforts or else they’ll feel ashamed and embarrassed for trying
Let them dress themselves, try to feed themselves
What is the 3rd stage in Erikson’s theory?
Initiative vs. Guilt
Age 3-6
Learn to take some risks or guilt results
Don’t guilt trip them, it will only cause embarrassment
Instead of “I told you so” say “do you understand now why we have that rule?”
What is the 4th stage in Erikson’s theory?
Industry vs. Inferiority
Age 7-11
Learn to feel competent or inferior
Recognize kids’ industry (what they’re good at)
Or else they will feel inferior, their self-esteem will plummet and will have no confidence in anything they do
What is the 5th stage in Erikson’s theory?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Age 12-18
Exploration of “who am I?”
Identify a place where they feel comfortable
Role confusion: do anything to fit in
If you’ve stayed on positive side of stages, this will be easy for you
You will have a hard time if you’ve stayed on negative side
Important points about Erikson’s theory
His theory is like a domino effect (domino theory)
It is possible to move from negative side to positive side, but this usually requires form of help from person of authority (therapist, mentor)
What are Erikson’s adult stages?
Early Adulthood: intimacy vs isolation
- open up, make self vulnerable to form meaningful relationships or isolate yourself (afraid of vulnerability)
Middle Adulthood: generativity vs. stagnation
- do meaningful work you love or be stagnant
Later Adulthood: integrity vs. despair
- look back at life and see that it was meaningful or regret your whole life
