Chapter 1 Epithelium and Epithelial Glands Flashcards by Brittany Sedar

Name 3 general functions of epithelium

Absorption
Secretion
Provide a barrier

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Name 3 specialized functions of epithelium

Transport molecules across epi
Selective permeability
Sensory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Prevent transport of materials across epithelium

Selective permeability

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A complete basement membrane has what two parts?

Basal lamina

Reticular lamina

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In the basement membrane, this is made by epithelial cells

Basal lamina

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In the basement membrane, this is made by fibroblasts in connective tissue

Reticular lamina

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is a partial basal membrane?

Basal lamina only

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Epithelium is avascular, so how does it obtain nutrition?

By diffusion

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

List four types of cell junctions

Zonula Occludens
Zonula Adherens
Macula Adherens
Gap Junctions

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is a tight junction

Zonula Occludens

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is an adhesion belt

Zonula adherens

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is desmosomes

Macula adherens

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What two components make up the macula adherens?

Tonofilaments

Protein plaque

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This contains 6 proteins in a cylinder with a lumen

Gap junctions

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which cell junction functions in weak attachment?

Zonula adherns

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

For the junctional complex, list the order starting at the free surface

Zona occludens
Zona adherens
Macula adherens

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

List two types of epithelium

Simple and stratified

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Epithelium that is a single cell thick

Simple epithelium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the three cell types in ciliated pseudo stratified epithelium?

Ciliated columnar
Goblet cells
Basal cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

These cells function as a stem cell

Basal cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

These cells function to move mucus

Ciliated columnar cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

These cells function to produce mucus

Goblet cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

List four surface specializations

Microvilli
Stereocilia
Cilia
Glycocalyx

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

These are known as brushborder or striated border

Microvilli

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

This is finger-like projections at the apical surface on some epithelial cells

Microvilli

These are extremely long microvilli not related to true cilia

Stereocilia

Thin apical hair-like extensions of the cytoskeleton

Cilia

Describe two features of cells with cilia

High # of mitochondria within cells for energy | Basal bodies block the surface so no absorption or secretion happens

Surface layer of glycoproteins and carbohydrates that covers some epithelium

Glycocalyx

Glycocalyx is produces by what?

Epithelial cells

When cell nuclei line up requiring energy

Polarization

Epithelium that is two or more cell layers thick

Stratified epithelium

What is the common function of stratified epithelium?

Protective function

This is the mitotic layer of skin

Stratum basale

This layer has spiny shaped keratinocytes

Stratum spinosum

This layer is present only in thick skin

Stratum lucidum

What layer are melanocytes found in?

Stratum basale

What layer are Langerhans cells found in?

Stratum spinosum

What layer are Merkel cells found in?

Stratum basale

This stratified epithelium is very rare

Stratified columnar

Patchy skin lesions that have an accelerated keratinocyte life cycle

Psoriasis vulgaris

Spots with extra pigment

Freckles

Patches which lack melanocytes

Vitiligo

Discoloration due to a proliferation of melanocytes

Moles (naevi)

Melanocytes become mitotically active and invade dermis

Malignant melanoma

Method of secretion by which the product is released into a duct or directly onto an epithelial surface

Exocrine secretion

Component dealing with primary function, for example, skeletal muscle fibers of the biceps

Parenchyma

Structural component, for example, blood vessels of the biceps

Stroma

What are the three methods of classifying exocrine secretion?

Morphology Method of secretion Products secreted

This method classifies the gland according to the shape of the secretory units and the ducts arrangement

Morphology

Secretory units

Tubular vs Acinar

Duct arrangement

Unbranched vs Branched

What are the three methods of secretion?

Merocrine Holocrine Apocrine

The most common method of secretion that releases vacuole contents only

Merocrine

Another name for merocrine

Eccrine

Secretes entire cell and intact vacuoles. Odor is present

Holocrine

Secretes intact vacuoles, cytoplasm, and membranes. Attracts bacteria and odor is present

Apocrine

Smallest division of a gland; a group of cells surrounding a cavity

Acinus

A small group of serous cells attached to a mucus acinus

Serous demilune

Cells with epithelial origin that are contractile

Myoepithelial cells

What do serous glands produce?

Proteins

This gland stains light and has flat, peripheral nuclei

Mucus glands

Signaling cell is close to target cell so the hormone does not enter the blood

Paracrine secretion

Signaling cell is its own target

Autocrine secretion