CHAPTER 1: energy Flashcards
Define energy
The capacity to do work
*What is energy value?
amount of energy supplied by the food
What 2 things effect the energy values of food?
- Method of cooking
2. Addition of other ingredients
*What is basal metabolism?
The minimum amount of energy needed to maintain vital functions when our body is at rest.
What 5 factors determine the energy need of an individual?
SLOGA
- Size
- Level of activity
- occupation
- gender
- age
*Define thermic effect of food.
Energy required for digestion and absorption of nutrients from food
What is energy balanced?
When our energy input is EQUAL to our energy output
What leads to energy imbalance?
When energy input exceeds or is less than our energy output
-can lead to either weight loss or weight gain
What is energy input?
Energy provided by food we consume
what is energy output?
Amount of energy used by our body during physical,basal metabolism and thermic effect of food
What is body mass index?
tool which measures the weight of a person in relation to his/her height
What is eating disorder?
a group of conditions characterised by abnormal eating habits due to psychological factors
What are the 3 eating disorders?
anorexia nervosa
bulimia nervosa
binge eating disorder
What are the 3 characteristics of anorexia and 3 symptoms.
- self-starvation
- due to obessive fear of gaining weight and will take extreme measures to achieve a dangerously low body weight
- when food and BODY FATS are no longer available to meet the energy needed, body will use protein from muscles as last resort for a source of energy
symptoms
- hair loss
- constipation and abdominal pain
- loss of menstrual cycle
Describe the behaviour of a bulimic and 3 symptoms.
- indulge large amount of food especially those that are high in energy, over a very short amount of time
- then attempts to get rid of EXCESS FOOD through vomiting or OVER-EXERCISING
symptoms
- bad breath
- kidney problems
- damaged teeth and gums
