Chapter 1 Early Lit Flashcards
five areas of language
sound system of language, vocabulary, grammar, word structure, use of language in different settings
sound system of language definition
production and perception of speech sounds and sound symbol relationships. example: car and cat are recognized as different words
phonetic
sound system of language
vocabulary definition
word meanings. Example: ball= spherical object that rolls and bounces
semantic
vocabulary
grammar definition
the order in which words are used in sentences and utterances. Example: the ball us round vs. the is ball round
syntactic
grammar
word structure definition
words can be changed by adding or changing parts of the word. example: verb tense- want, wanted, wanting. possessive: Matt, Matt’s hat, Plurality: cat, cats.
morphemic
word structure
use of language definition
awareness that language use varies with the social cultural setting. examples: talking on the playground vs. in class discussions
pragmatic
use of language
four literacy development theories
behaviorist, naturalist, interactive, transactional
behaviorist
children must first learn individual skills in a specific sequence. bottom up
behaviorist approach
reading/subskills/readiness
naturalist
children learn to read and write through everyday experiences involving literacy events. top down
naturalist approach
whole language
interactive
children learn to read and write through a combination of skill and holistic, everyday experiences. both- bottom up and top down
interactive approach
balanced
transactional
children lean to read and write through transactions involving their knowledge of language, the texts they encounter, and social- cultural context
transactional approach
comprehensive literacy instruction
bottom up process
in which reading results from the processing of separate pieces of visual information.
top down process
meaning driven, searching for meaning is driven by a person’s nonvisual information
6 patterns of interactions
shared reference and eye contact, communication loops, verbal mapping, child directed speech, linguistic scaffold, mediation
Shared reference and eye contact
joint attention between the adult and child. essential to communication as well as learning the names of objects.
communication loops
when listeners and speakers take turns talking. adults begin communication loops during infanty. leads to more complex conversations
verbal mapping
when adults verbally describe an on going event to a child. helps children understand words and language with events and actions
child directed speech
how an adult changes their grammar, vocab, expressive intonation, and repetition of a key word or phrase to a child
linguistic scaffold
adults create language support when they structure their interaction with a child to encourage participation
mediation
this interaction pattern occurs when adults simplify the learning setting or task to allow the child to participate in that event.
D.A.P
Developmentally Appropriate Practice
