Chapter 1 - Domain 1 Network Technologies Flashcards
What are the two sub-layers in Layer 2 - Data Link?
page 7
- Logical Link Control (LLC) - provides the general path to present the communication to the next layer
- Media Access Control (MAC) - examines the physical addresses presented to it.
What are packets and how are they defined in the OSI Layers?
page 11 A fundamental unit of information exchange in a computer network. * Application Data * Presentation Data * Session Data * Transport Datagram * Network Packet * Data Link Frame * Physical Bit
What are Frames?
page 11
A packet that has been encoded for transmission over a particular link.
What is EUI-64?
page 11
Extended Unique Identifier
Addresses that are are in use in many organizations today, provide an address space that for surpass that of the current MAC-48.
What is a Bridge?
page 15
A Legacy device that is similar to a switch in that it can provide some intelligence to segment a network.
* Transparent, can connect two dissimilar networks but it is “invisible” to both networks & does not provide translation of any kind.
* Translational, actually performs a translation between two dissimilar networks.
How Many bits does the MAC Address have and what is its structure?
page 21 48 Bits * 1st bit = Broadcast * 2nd bit = Local or Remote * 22 bits - OUI organizational unique identifier * 24 bits = Vendor assigned
What formula do you use to determine how many hosts you need given the number of subnets?
page 23
2^s
What does an APIPA address begin with?
page 27
169.254.0.0
What is OSPF?
page 28 Open Shortest Path First * Algorithm developed by Dijkstra * Quiet on the network * When tables need to be changed to control network traffic, happens very fast.
What is RIP
page 28 Routing Information Protocol * one of the 1st routing protocols * now is obsolete, was "chatty" * replaced by OSPF & IS-IS * used a "hop count" metric
What is EIGRP?
page 28
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
* Cisco proprietary protocol that combines the ease of configuration of distance vector routing protocols, such as RIP or RIPv2.
* Link State Attributes
What is EIGRP a hybrid routing protocol?
page 29
It is actually a Distance Vector routing protocol that works like a Link State routing protocol.
What are the different Routing Metrics?
page 30
* Hop Counts - limited intelligence, one hop is equal to any other, regardless of Bandwidth [RAP, RIPv2]
* MTU - Max Transmission Unit, legacy metric uses bandwidth & delay metrics [EIGRP]
* Costs - cost calculated by 10^8/BW (bps) [OSPF]
Latency - similar to delay
What is Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) & what are its successors?
page 31
* Original STP defined by IEEE as 802.1D
* Prevents logical loops from occurring while still maintaining physical redundancy
* Provides multiple viable paths for data fault tolerance & Load Balancing w/o creating loops
RSTP = Rapid STP
MSTP = Multiple STP
PVSTP = Per-Vlan STP
What is TCP’s 3-way handshake?
page 41
- TCP sends a short message called a SYN to a target Host.
- The target host opens a connection for the request & sends back an acknowledgement message called a SYNACK.
- The host that originated the request sends back another acknowledgement called ACK, confirming that it has received the SYNACK message & that the sessions is ready to be used to transfer data.
