Chapter 1: Diagnosis Flashcards
The process of determining what condition explains someone’s illness.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is accomplished through a careful evaluation of a patient’s _____ and _____.
Signs and symptoms
Objective findings that you can observe directly.
E.g., redness of the eyes
Signs
Subjective concerns that the patient tells you about.
E.g., headache
Symptoms
A set of signs and symptoms that tend to occur together.
Syndrome
Why is diagnosing a syndrome helpful?
It suggests a certain prognosis and treatment response.
A syndrome that causes dysfunction
Disorder
It states that vulnerability and environmental influences are needed for dysfunction to occur.
Diathesis-stress model
Complex interactions between an individual’s inherent vulnerability to a syndrome.
Diathesis
According to the diathesis-stress model, what determines the severity of a disorder?
The combination of the severity of the stressor and diathesis.
➡️ LARGE DIATHESIS + small stressor = disorder
➡️ small diathesis + LARGE STRESSOR = disorder
➡️ LARGE DIATHESIS + LARGE STRESSOR = SEVERE DISORDER
This uses an algorithmic approach to diagnosis.
Each disorder is presented as a set of criteria which are either met or not, resulting in a qualitative diagnosis.
The DSM
What version of the DSM has a multiaxial system?
DSM IV (1994) & DSM IV-TR (2000)
What version of DSM removed the multiaxial system?
DSM 5 (2013)
