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CSI 2132 > Chapter 1: Database systems & applications > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Database systems & applications Flashcards

1
Q

DBMS contains…

A
  • a collection of interrelated data
  • set of programs to access data
  • convenient and efficiently usable environment
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2
Q

DBMS used for…

A

manage valuable, large data that can be accessed by multiple users, often at the same time

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3
Q

data definition language (DDL)

A

notation for defining database schema (create)

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4
Q

data manipulation language (DML)

A

language for accessing and updating data (update, select, update)

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5
Q

prodecural DML

A

user must specify what data and how to get it

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6
Q

declarative DML (AKA non-procedural DML)

A

user must specify what data but not how to get it (easier to learn)

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7
Q

portion of DML that involves info retrieval is called a _____

A

query language

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8
Q

SQL query language is non-procedural or procedural?

A

non-procedural (also no turing machine equivalent language)

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9
Q

def: application programs

A

used to interact with database

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10
Q

def: logical design

A
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11
Q

def: physical design

A

physical layout of database

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12
Q

functional components of a database system (3) -> partitioned into modules to deal with several responsibilities of system

A
  • storage manager
  • query processor component
  • transaction management component
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13
Q

def: storage manager

A

provides interface b/w low-level data in database and application programs/queries submitted to the system

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14
Q

storage manager tasks (2)

A
  • interact with OS file manager
  • efficient storing, retrieving and updating of data
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15
Q

storage manager components (4)

A
  • authorization and integrity manager
  • transaction manager
  • file manager
  • buffer manager
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16
Q

storage manager implements data structures as a part of physical system (3)

A
  • data files
  • data dictionary
  • indices
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17
Q

def: data file

A

store database itself

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18
Q

def: data dictionary

A

stores metadata about database structure AKA the schema

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19
Q

def: indices

A

index that provides pointers to data that can help access data quickly

20
Q

query processor components (3)

A
  • DDL interpreter
  • DML compiler
  • query evaluation engine
21
Q

def: DDL interpreter

A

interprets DDL statements and records definitions in data dictionary

22
Q

def: DML compiler

A

translates DML statements in query language into lowest cost evaluation plan of low-level instructions that query evaluation engine understands

23
Q

def: query evaluation engine

A

executes low-level instructions generated by DML compiler

24
Q

components of transaction management (3)

A
  • transaction
  • transaction-management component
  • concurrency-control manager
25
Q

def: transaction

A

collection of operations that perform single logical function in database application

26
Q

def: transaction-management component

A

ensures database is in consistent state despite system and transaction failures

27
Q

def: concurrency- control manager

A

controls interaction among concurrent transactions, ensures consistency of database

28
Q

database architecture (4)

A
  • centralized databases
  • client server
  • parallel databases
  • distributed databases
29
Q

centralized databases

A

ont to a few cores, shared memeory

30
Q

client server

A

one server machine executes work on behalf of multiple client machines

31
Q

parallel databases

A

many core shared memory, shared disk, shared nothing

32
Q

distributed databases

A
  • geographical distribution
  • schema/ data heterogeneity
33
Q

two-tier architecture

A

application resided at client machine, invokes database system at server machine

34
Q

three-tier machine

A
  • client communicates with application server through interface
  • application server communication with database to get data
35
Q

def: database administrator

A

person who has central control over the system

36
Q

function of database administrator

A
  • schema definition and modification
  • storage structure definition
  • physical organization modification
  • granting authorization of data access
    backing up database
    ensuring free disk space and upgrading
  • monitoring jobs on database and maintenance
37
Q

def: data models

A

collection of conceptual tools for describing data, relationships, semantics and constraints

38
Q

def: data abstraction

A

hiding complexity of data structures through several levels of data abstraction

39
Q

levels of abstraction (3)

A
  • physical level
  • logical level
  • view level
40
Q

def: physical level

A

described how a record is stored

41
Q

def: logical level

A

described data stored in database and relationships

42
Q

def: view level

A

application programs hide details of data types and info related to security

43
Q

def: logical schema

A

overall logical structure of database

44
Q

def: physical schema

A

overall physical structure of database

45
Q

def: instance

A

actual content of database at certain point in time

46
Q

def: physical data independence

A

ability to modify physical schema without changing logical schema

CSI 2132 (6 decks)

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