Chapter 1 Critical Thinking Flashcards
The view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most Psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2).
Behaviorism
Emphasized the growth potential of healthy people.
Humanistic Psychology
The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with mental activity (including perception, thinking, memory, and language).
Cognitive Neuroscience
The science of behavior and mental processes.
Psychology
Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions. It examines assumptions, uncovers hidden values, weighs evidence, and assesses conclusions.
Critical Thinking
An approach that integrates different but complementary views from biological, psychological and social-cultural viewpoints.
Biopsychosocial Approach
The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and handed down from one generation to the next.
Culture
The age-old controversy over the relative influence if genes and experience in the development of psychological traits and behaviors.
Nature-Nurture Issue
The principle that, at the same time, our mind processes information on separate conscious and unconscious tracks.
Dual Processing
The scientific study of human functioning, with the goals discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive.
Positive Psychology
The tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that we could have predicted it. (I-Knew-it-all-along phenomenon)
Hindsight Bias
An explanation using principles that organize observations and predict behaviors or events.
Theory
A testable prediction, often implied by a theory.
Hypothesis
A carefully worded statement of the exact procedures.
Operational Definition
Repeating the essence of a research study, usually with different participants.
Replication
