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PH LITERATURE > CHAPTER 1 - CLASSIFICATIONS OF LITERATURE > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1 - CLASSIFICATIONS OF LITERATURE Flashcards

1
Q

encompasses a vast array of written, spoken, or sung works that express ideas, emotions, and experiences

A

Literature

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2
Q

General Types Of Literature

A

A. genres
B. Can Be Mode Of Written Expression

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3
Q

The word “fiction” is derived from the Latin word

A

fictio

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3
Q

fictio means

A

a shaping, a fashioning

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4
Q

Fiction comes from the verb

A

fingere

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5
Q

fingere means

A

to shape” or “to form

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6
Q

refers to the act of shaping or inventing stories, characters, and worlds using the imagination

A

fiction

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7
Q

Types of fiction

A

Novel
Short Story
Novella
Fairy Tales

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8
Q

A lengthy narrative fiction work

A

Novel

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9
Q

A brief work of fiction that typically focuses on a single plot or theme

A

Short Story

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10
Q

Longer than a short story but shorter than a novel

A

Novella

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11
Q

Folklore and fantasy narratives often aimed at children

A

Fairy Tales

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12
Q

The primary goal of fiction is often to

A

entertain, evoke emotions, and tell a story

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13
Q
  • Examples of fiction include
A

novels, short stories, plays, and poetry

Noli/El Fili, “Smaller and Smaller Circles” by F.H. Batacan)

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14
Q

are based on real events, facts, and information. They aim to present truthful and accurate accounts of the world

A

Non-Fiction

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15
Q

The primary purpose of non-fiction is to

A

inform, educate, explain, or persuade

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16
Q
  • Examples of non-fiction include
A

textbooks, biographies, essays, news articles, scientific reports, and historical writings

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17
Q

Enumerate poetry

A

Poetry
Lyric Poetry
Narrative Poetry
Epic Poetry
Sonnet

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18
Q

is a form of literary expression characterized by the use of rhythm, meter (rhythmic structure of a verse or line of poetry), and language chosen for its aesthetic qualities and evocative power.

A

Poetry

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19
Q

: Expresses personal emotions and feelings.

in Philippine literature often expresses personal emotions, reflections, and experiences in a succinct and emotive manner

A

Lyric poetry

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20
Q

: Tells a story through verse.
___________ in Philippine literature often takes the form of epics, corridos, and other poetic narratives that tell stories of heroism, love, and cultural values.

A

Narrative poetry

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21
Q

A long narrative poem that often involves heroic deeds.
__________ in Philippine literature often takes the form of traditional epics, which are long narrative poems that recount the heroic deeds, adventures, and cultural history of a people.

A

Epic poetry

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22
Q

” is an Ilocano epic that tells the story of the legendary hero Lam-ang. The epic recounts his extraordinary birth, his adventures, and his tragic death. It is one of the most well-known and celebrated epics in Philippine literature.

A

Biag ni Lam-ang

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23
Q

” is an epic poem from the Ifugao people of the Cordillera region. It narrates the heroic exploits of Aliguyon, a legendary hero and warrior, and explores themes of courage, love, and tribal conflict

A

Hudhud ni Aliguyon

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24
Q

A 14-line poem with a specific rhyme scheme.

A

Sonnet

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25
Q

An unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. Example: “be-CAUSE

A

Iambic

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26
Q

example of a sonnet in Philippine literature:

A

“To the Philippine Youth” by Dr. Jose Rizal

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27
Q

is a form of literature that is intended to be performed by actors on a stage before an audience. It is a genre that encompasses a wide range of written or scripted works, including plays, scripts for films and television, and other theatrical productions. Drama is characterized by its focus on dialogue, conflict, and the interaction between characters to convey a narrative or explore themes.

A

Drama

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28
Q

A work intended for performance, typically involving dialogue and stage directions.
is a form of literature intended for performance, typically on a stage, in front of an audience

A

A play

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29
Q

examples of plays in Philippine literature:

A

“Ang Paglilitis ni Mang Serapio” (The Trial of Mang Serapio) by Paul Dumol:

“Walang Sugat” (Without Wounds) by Severino Reyes:

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30
Q

dramatic work where the protagonist faces a serious downfall.

A

Tragedy

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31
Q

Tragedy examples

A

“Himala” (Miracle) by Ricky Lee

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32
Q

is a genre of literature and drama that aims to entertain and amuse the audience through humor, wit, and satire.

A

Comedy

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33
Q

works in Philippine literature cover a range of topics, including history, culture, politics, and personal narratives.

A

Non-fiction

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34
Q

Example of fiction

A

“A Question of Heroes” by Nick Joaquin

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35
Q

is a short piece of writing that presents a writer’s perspective or argument on a specific topic

A

essay

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36
Q

essay example

A

“Sa Mga Kuko ng Liwanag” (In the Claws of Brightness) by Lualhati Bautista:

“Why Youth of Today Need Rizal’s Ideals” by Jose Rizal (translated by Nick Joaquin):

37
Q

An account of a person’s life written by another person.

A

Biography

38
Q

Biography examples

A

“Wenceslao Q. Vinzons: A Hero’s Life” by Onofre D. Corpuz:

“The Diary of a Little Girl in Old Manila” by Barbara Henson:

39
Q

A self-written account of one’s life.

in Philippine literature offer firsthand accounts of personal experiences, providing insights into the lives of individuals and their contributions to society.

A

Autobiographies

40
Q

autobiographical works in Philippine literature:

A

“My Brother, My Executioner” by F. Sionil Jose

41
Q

News articles, features, and reports presenting factual information.
__________ in Philippine literature is a dynamic field that reflects the country’s history, culture, and societal concerns

A

Journalism

42
Q

examples of significant works in journalism from the Philippines:

A

“The Philippines Free Press”
“The Philippine Star”

43
Q

refers to written works that explore, depict, or are set in a specific historical period. These works can take various forms, including novels, short stories, plays, poems, and non-fiction narratives.

A

Historical literature

44
Q

Fictional works set in a historical period with real historical events and characters.

A

Historical Fiction

45
Q

Historical Fiction examples

A

“Ilustrado” by Miguel Syjuco

46
Q

Documentations of historical events and their analysis.
__________ in Philippine literature refer to non-fiction works that provide factual information, analyses, and narratives about specific events, periods, or figures in Philippine history

A

Historical accounts

47
Q

Historical accounts example

A

“The Conjugal Dictatorship of Ferdinand and Imelda Marcos” by Primitivo Mijares

48
Q

are two distinct genres of speculative fiction, each with its own set of characteristics. While they both involve elements of imagination and often explore worlds beyond our reality, there are key difference

A

Fantasy and science fiction

49
Q

are typically set in worlds that are entirely imaginary or have elements of magic, mythical creatures, and supernatural phenomena. These settings often include medieval-like landscapes, enchanted forests, and realms populated by magical beings

A

Fantasy

50
Q

are set in the future, outer space, or alternate realities where scientific advancements or speculative technologies play a significant role. The settings are often more futuristic and may involve space travel, advanced civilizations, or dystopian societies.

A

Science fiction

51
Q

: Involves solving a puzzle or crime. The primary focus of _____________ is on solving a puzzle or unraveling an unknown. The central question revolves around discovering the truth behind a crime, event, or situation.

A

mystery fiction

52
Q

Centers around a professional detective or investigator who is tasked with solving the crime. The focus is on the process of investigation and the detective’s skills

A

Detective Fiction

53
Q

is a genre that aims to evoke fear, dread, and a sense of the macabre

A

Horror

54
Q

means disturbing and horrifying because of involvement with or depiction of death and injury

A

macabre

55
Q

subgenre Intended to evoke fear and suspense

A

Horror Fiction

56
Q

: Combines horror and romantic elements with a gloomy, mysterious atmosphere.

A

Gothic Literature

57
Q

in literature refers to a genre that focuses on themes of love, emotional attachment, and romantic relationships. It explores the complexities of human emotions, often highlighting the joys and challenges of love.

A

Romance

58
Q

: Focuses on the romantic relationships between characters.

A

Romance Novel

59
Q

Romance Novel examples

A

Dekada ‘70” by Lualhati Bautista
“Para Kay B” by Ricky Lee:

60
Q

refers to literature specifically created for and targeted at children, typically up to around 12 years old. It includes a wide range of written and illustrated works that aim to entertain, educate, and inspire young readers.

A

Children’s literature

61
Q

Illustrated books for young children

A
  • Picture Books
62
Q

Geared towards older children and teenagers

A
  • Middle-Grade and Young Adult (YA) Literature
63
Q

Can Be Mode Of Written Expression two types

A

Prose and poetry

64
Q

Written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure. _________ follows natural patterns of speech and typically has sentences and paragraphs.

A

Prose

65
Q

Characterized by a specific structure, often involving rhythmic and metrical patterns. _________ are typically organized into lines and stanzas, and they may use rhyme and various poetic devices.

A

Poems

66
Q

Generally lacks a specific rhythmic or metrical pattern. It follows the natural flow of speech.

A

Prose

67
Q

Often has a distinct rhythm and meter, created through patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables. Different poetic forms (like iambic pentameter) dictate specific rhythmic structures

A

Poetry

68
Q

Uses everyday language and common vocabulary. It is more straightforward and tends to prioritize clear communication

A

Prose

69
Q

Often employs figurative language, symbolism, and heightened diction

A

Poetry

70
Q

Primarily focuses on conveying information or telling a story, relying less on figurative language.

A

Prose

71
Q

Frequently employs imagery, metaphors, similes, and other figurative elements to create a vivid and imaginative experience for the reader

A

Poetry

72
Q

Typically serves a more utilitarian purpose, conveying information, narrating a story, or presenting an argument

A

Prose

73
Q

Often emphasizes aesthetic and emotional qualities, aiming to evoke feelings, create a specific atmosphere, or explore abstract concepts. Poems may have a more musical and emotionally charged tone.

A

Poetry

74
Q

Prose and poetry differ in what aspects

A

Structure
Rhythm and Meter
Language and Diction
Imagery and Figurative Language
Purpose and Tone
Presentation

75
Q

Subtypes of Prose in Philippine Literature:

A

Novel
Short Story (Maikling Kuwento):
Essay (Sanaysay):
Biography (Biyograpiya):
Autobiography (Awtobiograpiya):
Historical Fiction (Pampanitikang Pangkasaysayan):

76
Q

Subtypes of Poetry in Philippine Literature:

A

Awit
Corrido
Dalit
Tanaga
Balagtasan

77
Q

Definition: Narrative poetry often with a musical quality, telling stories of love, chivalry, and heroism.

A

Awit

78
Q

Awit example

A

“Florante at Laura” by Francisco Balagtas, an epic poem.

79
Q

Narrative poetry similar to awit, often telling tales of adventure and heroism

A

Corrido

80
Q

Corrido example

A

“Bernardo Carpio” by Jose de la Cruz, a corrido about a legendary hero.

81
Q

Indigenous Tagalog poetic form expressing religious devotion, often used in hymns.

A

Dalit

82
Q

Dalit ex

A

“Halina, Hesus, Halina” by San Pedro Bautista, a dalit expressing religious fervor

83
Q

Traditional Filipino quatrain with seven syllables per line, often used to express emotions or reflections

A

Tanaga

84
Q

A poetic debate in verse form, often featuring witty and eloquent exchanges between participants.

A

Balagtasan

85
Q

Balagtasan example

A

“Sa Tabi ng Banga” by Balagtasang Tagalog, a famous balagtasan piece

86
Q

Poetry subtypes

A

Narrative Poetry
Lyric Poetry
Dramatic Poetry

87
Q

Under narrative poetry

A

Epic Poetry
Corrido
Awit

88
Q

Under Lyric Poetry

A

Dalit
Tanaga

89
Q

Under Dramatic Poetry

A

Balagtasan
Poetic Drama
Monologue

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