Chapter 1 Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Who discovered the Indivisible Particle
Dalton
Who discovered the plum pudding model
J.J. Thomson
Who discovered the atomic model
Bohr
Famous experiment Rutherford did
Rutherford’s Goldfoil Experiment
negatively charged electrons
orbit the nucleus. The rest of
the atom is mostly empty
space, and the electrons are
in that space
planetary model
as electrons move in their orbits, they
give up energy. This would cause them
to gradually slow down and move
closer to the nucleus, ultimately
leading to their falling into the nucleus,
resulting in the collapse of atoms.
planetary model
what model states that electrons revolve in specific
shells/orbits around the
nucleus called energy levels.
These energy levels are
quantized and discrete, with
each having its own fixed value,
bohrs model
what model states that the energy of an electron does
not continuously radiate energy,
it can only be changed by
transitioning from one energy
level to another.
bohrs model
k = n ?
1
l = n ?
2
m = n ?
3
n = n ?
4
it would be impossible to
determine the locations and
speed of particles with a
wave-like behavior
uncertainty principle
who proposed the electrons dual nature
louis de broglie
the foundation of the
idea that electrons
behave as both a
particle and a wave
dual nature of an atom
who discovered the quantum mechanical model
erwin shrodinger
Who is the scientist credited with the
discovery of electrons?
Thomson
What do you call the smaller particles that
make up the atom?
subatomic particles
What subatomic particle was involved in the
failure of Rutherford’s Planetary Model?
electrons
What periodic element did Bohr use to
support his model?
hydrogen
In Bohr’s model of hydrogen atom, what will
happen to the electron of hydrogen if it
absorbs energy in discrete amounts?
Jumps to a higher energy level
What was Erwin Schrodinger’s structural
model of atoms called?
Wave Mechanical or
Quantum Mechanical Model
What do you call the idea that states that if
light particles can behave like streams of
particles, then electrons as particles can
possess a wave nature as well?
Dual nature of Electron
In 1913, the Danish physicist Niels Bohr
proposed a model of the atom in which
electrons orbit the nucleus without losing
energy. What did he call the possible orbit of
these electrons?
energy level
Which scientist developed the uncertainty
principle in 1927 to further explain the
consequence of the dual nature of electrons
and led to the development of the quantum
mechanical model?
Werner Heisenburg
introduced valence electrons
Gilbert Newton Lewis
Forms when metal and non-metal reacts
Ionic Bond
The electrostatic force that
holds oppositely charged particles
together in an (blank)
ionic bond
what is a cation
positively charged ion
what is an anion
negatively charged ion
chemicalname formula
Name of metal + nonmetal plus “ide” = chemical name
The gaining or losing of
electrons
oxidation state
if (blank) it looses an electron
positive
if (blank) it gains an electron
(negative)
What are the two
types of electrons
found inside the
atom, and how do
they differ?
Core electrons and valence electrons. Valence
electrons are electrons found in the outermost
shell of an atom and it determines the chemical
properties of an element, while core electrons
are electrons found in the inner shell in an atom
and do not affect the chemical properties of an
atom.
How do atoms bond?
Atoms bond through sharing,
taking, and giving electrons.
How do ionic bonds
form?
It forms through ions bonding
by losing and gaining
electrons.
the attraction
between two or more atoms, and this
allows them to be able to form a stable
chemical compound.
bonding
How are
covalent bonds
formed?
Covalent bonds are
formed through the
sharing of electrons.
if two covalently bonded atoms have different electronegativities, the shared electrons
are more strongly attracted to the more
electronegative atom
Polar covalent
if two covalently bonded
atoms with the same electronegativities
equally share the electrons between them.
nonpolar
covalent bond
is a measure of the capacity of atoms to attract electrons.
Electronegativity
uses dot symbols of the bonding
component atoms connected to
each other by lines
representing bonding
electrons.
lewist dot structure
are also called molecular or covalent
compounds. It is a group of nonmetal atoms
that are held together by covalent bonds,
which are formed through the sharing of
electrons between the atoms.
molecules
compound is made up of
atoms of only two nonmetallic elements.
Binary molecular
the following are property of
-LUSTER
-MALLEABILITY
-DUCTILITY
-ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY
-THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
metallic compounds
how a surface interacts with light
luster
ability to be made into thin sheets
malleability
ability to be made into wires
ductility
ability to conduct electricity
electrical conductivity
ability to conduct heat
thermal conductivity
