Chapter 1- Cellular Structure and Function Flashcards
1
Q
unicellular organisms
A
made up of one cell
-bacteria and protozoa
2
Q
Multicellular organisms
A
made up of more than one cell
-plants, animal, fungi
3
Q
Prokaryotic cells
A
- no membrane bound organelles
- no nucleus
- bacteria and archaean
4
Q
Eukaryotic cells
A
- membrane bound organelles in the cytosol
- DNA in a double-membraned nucleus
- various organelles
5
Q
cytoplasm
A
semi fluid material within the plasma membrane, containing everything but the nucleus
6
Q
Cell/plasma membrane
A
- boundary of living cells
- controls and regulates what comes in and out of cells
- phospholipid bilayer
7
Q
nucleus
A
- contains DNA
- controls activities of the cell
- required for cell division
8
Q
nucleuolus
A
- within the nucleus
- contains protein and ribosomal RNA
- site of ribosome synthesis
9
Q
mitochondria
A
- site of aerobic respiration to produce ATP for the cell
- the more energy a cell requires, the more mitochondria
10
Q
ribosomes
A
- make proteins from simple amino acids
- found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes
11
Q
smooth ER
A
- no ribosomes
- formation and transportation of lipids
12
Q
rough ER
A
- attached to outer membrane of nucleus
- transport proteins throughout the cell
- ribosomes on the surface
13
Q
Golgi complex
A
- package and transport large molecules to leave the cell
- pinch off into vesicles
14
Q
lysosome
A
-fluid filled sac containing digestive enzymes that destroy organelles that are no longer needed
15
Q
Cytoskeleton
A
- shape and strength
- microtubules=hollow + large
- microfilaments=small and thin
