Chapter 1- Cells: Fundamental Units of Life

Question 1

all cells enclosed by a ___ ___ that separates the inside of the cell from its environment

Answer 1

plasma membrane

Question 2

these cells contain DNA but lack a nucleus and other organelles

Answer 2

prokaryotic cells

Question 3

two fundamental evolutionary subdivisions of prokaryotes

Answer 3

bacteria and archea

Question 4

these cells include DNA, nucleus, and organelles

Answer 4

eukaryotic cells

Question 5

concentrated mix of large and small molecules that carry out many essential biochemical processes

Answer 5

cytosol

Question 6

three main shapes of prokaryotes include:

Answer 6

spherical, rod-like, corkscrew

Question 7

enclosed by the nuclear envelope and contains molecules of DNA

Answer 7

nucleus

Question 8

generators of chemical energy for the cells, produce ATP by harnessing energy from oxidation

Answer 8

mitochondria

Question 9

site for synthesis of cell membrane components and other items destined for export

Answer 9

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 10

modifies and packages molecules made in the ER destined to be secreted or transported

Answer 10

golgi complex

Question 11

in charge of intracellular digestion

Answer 11

lysosome

Question 12

ferry materials from one membrane enclosed organelle to another

Answer 12

transport vesicles

Question 13

portions of plasma membrane tuck inward and pinch off to form vesicles that carry material captured from external medium

Answer 13

endocytosis

Question 14

vesicles from the inside cell fuse with plasma membrane and release their contents into external medium

Answer 14

exocytosis

Question 15

criss cross structure of filaments that supports the cell

Answer 15

cytoskeleton

Question 16

single celled eukaryotes able to swallow other cells

Answer 16

protozoans