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Geometry CP > Chapter 1 - Building Blocks > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Building Blocks Flashcards

Become familiar with the vocabulary, meaning, and formulas that we use in this course.

1
Q

Point

A

A location in a plane or in space, having no dimensions. Represent as a dot. Name it by a capital letter such as A

(pg. 11)

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2
Q

Line

A

A straight set of points that extends into infinity in both directions. Name it by any 2 points on the line, or by single lowercase letter

(pg. 11)

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3
Q

(Line) Segment

A

Two points on a line, and all the points between those two points. Name it by any 2 endpoints on the segment

(pg. 12)

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4
Q

Ray

A

Part of a line, containing one endpoint and extending to infinity in one direction.

(pg. 12)

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5
Q

Opposite Rays

A

Opposite rays are collinear rays with the same endpoint. They form a line.

(pg. 12)

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6
Q

Collinear

A

Points are collinear if they lie on the same line.

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7
Q

Plane

A

Represented by a flat surface that extends without end and has no thickness. Name it by a capital letter or by at least 3 points in the plane that are not collinear.

(pg. 11)

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8
Q

Postulate or Axiom

A

Is an accepted statement of fact. Basic building block of the logical system of geometry.

(pg. 13)

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9
Q

Postulate 1-1

A

Through any two points there is exactly one line.

pg. 13

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10
Q

Postulate 1-2

A

If two distinct lines intersect they intersect in exactly one point.

(pg. 13)

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11
Q

Postulate 1-3

A

If two distinct planes intersect they intersect in exactly one line.

(pg. 14)

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12
Q

Postulate 1-4

A

Through any three noncolliner points there is exactly one plane.

(pg. 15)

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13
Q

Ruler Postulate

A

Every point on a line can be paired with a real number. The real number that corresponds to a point is called the coordinate of that point.

(pg. 20)

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14
Q

Segment Addition Postulate

A

If three points A, B, & C are collinear and B is between A & C, then AB + BC = AC

(pg. 21)

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15
Q

Congruent Segments

A

If segments have the same length they are congruent.

pg. 22

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16
Q

Congruent

A

Angles or figures that have the same size and shape.

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17
Q

(Segment) Midpoint

A

A midpoint of a segment is the point that divides the segment into two congruent segments.

(pg. 22)

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18
Q

(Segment) Bisector

A

A point, line, ray or segment that intersects a segment at it’s midpoint.

(pg. 22)

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19
Q

Angle

A

An angle is formed by two rays that start at a common endpoint.

(pg. 27)

20
Q

Vertex

A

The common endpoint of the two rays that make up an angle.

pg. 27

21
Q

Naming Angles

A

(pg. 27)

By it’s vertex (Angle A), a point on each ray and the vertex (Angle BAC or Angle CAB), a number (Angle 1)

22
Q

Acute Angle

A

0 < angle < 90

pg. 29

23
Q

Right Angle

A

angle = 90

pg. 29

24
Q

Obtuse Angle

A

90 < angle < 180

pg. 29

25
Q

Straight Angle

A

(pg. 29)

angle = 180

26
Q

Congruent Angle

A

Angles with the same measure.

pg. 29

27
Q

Angle Addition Postulate

A

If point B is in the interior of angle AOC then m angle AOB + m angle BOC = m angle AOC.

(pg. 30)

28
Q

Adjacent Angles

A

Two coplanar angles with a common side, a common vertex, and NO common interior points

(pg. 34)

29
Q

Vertical Angles

A

Two angles whose sides are opposite rays.

pg. 34

30
Q

Complementary Angles

A

Two angles whose measures have a sum of 90. Each angle is called the compliment of the other.

(pg. 34)

31
Q

Supplementary Angles

A

“(pg. 34) Two angles whose measures have a sum of 180. Each angle is called the supplement of the other.”

32
Q

Linear Pair Postulate

A

“(pg. 36) If two angles form a linear pair then they are supplementary.”

33
Q

Perpendicular Lines

A

Two lines that intersect to form right angles.

pg. 44

34
Q

Perpendicular Bisector

A

Of a segment is a line segment or ray that is perpendicular to the segment at it’s midpoint.

(pg. 44)

35
Q

Midpoint (Line)

A

The coordinate of the midpoint is the average or mean of the coordinate of the endpoints.

(pg. 50)

36
Q

Midpoint (Plane)

A

The coordinate of the midpoint is the average or mean of the coordinate of the endpoints.

(pg. 50)

37
Q

Midpoint (Plane)

A

The coordinate of the midpoint is the average or mean of the coordinate of the endpoints. Point is average of x-coordiantes and average of y-coordinates.

(pg. 50)

38
Q

Midpoint (Formula)

A

M = (x1 + x2)/2 and (y1 + y2)/2 for points in plane, and (a + b)/2 for points on a nunmber line. HINT; x & y coordiantes are on the number line of the x-axis and y-axis

(pg. 50)

39
Q

Distance Formula

A

d = sqrt [(x2 - x1)^2 + (y2 - y1)^2]

pg. 52

40
Q

Perimeter

A

P of all polygons is the sum of the side lengths.

pg. 59

41
Q

Area

A

A is the number of square unit enclosed by a polygon.

pg. 59

42
Q

Square

A

If side length = s, P = 4S, & A = s^2

pg. 59

43
Q

Triangle

A

If side length = a, b, & c with a base of b & height of h then P = a + b + c and A = (1/2)bh

(pg. 59)

44
Q

Rectangle

A

If side lengths are b & h then P = 2b + 2h or 2(b + h) and A = bh

(pg. 59)

45
Q

Circle

A

radius = r and diameter = d (or 2r) then C = (pi)d or 2(pi)r and A = (pi)r^2

(pg. 59)

46
Q

Circumference

A

C is the Perimeter of a circle.

pg. 59

47
Q

Area Addition Postulate

A

The area of a region is the sum of the areas of its nonoverlapping parts.

(pg. 63)

Geometry CP (1 decks)

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