Chapter 1- book notes and lecture notes

Question 1

An adverse drug reaction is…?

Answer 1

an undesirable response to a drug by a patient. It may vary in severity from mild to fatal.

Question 2

Agonist is …?

Answer 2

a drug that brings about a specific action by binding with the appropriate receptor.

Question 3

Antagonist is …?

Answer 3

A drug that inhibits a specific action by binding with a particular receptor.

Question 4

Compounding is …?

Answer 4

any manipulation (e.g.,diluting, combining) performed to produce a dosage-form drug, other than the manipulations described in the directions for use on the labeling of an approved drug product.

Question 5

Drug is …?

Answer 5

a substance used to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease.

Question 6

Efficacy is …?

Answer 6

the extend to which a drug causes the intended effects in a patient

Question 7

Extralabel use…?

Answer 7

The use of a drug that is not specifically listed on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved label.

Question 8

Half life is…?

Answer 8

The amount of time (usually expressed in hours) that it takes for the quantity of a drug in the body to be reduced by 50%.

Question 9

Manufacturing is …?

Answer 9

The bulk production of drugs for resale outside of the veterinarian-client-patient relationship.

Question 10

Metabolism (Biotransformation) is …?

Answer 10

The biochemical process that alters a drug from an active form to a form that is inactive or that can be eliminated from the body.

Question 11

Parenteral is …?

Answer 11

The route of administration of injectable drugs.

Question 12

Partition coefficient is …?

Answer 12

The ratio of the solubility of substances (e.g., blood and gas, gas and rubber goods).

Question 13

Prescription (Legend) Drug is …?

Answer 13

A drug that is limited to use under the supervision of a veterinarian because of potential danger, difficulty of administration, or other considerations. The legend that designates a prescription drug states the following: “Caution: Federal law restricts this drug to use by or on the order of a licensed veterinarian.”

Question 14

Regimen is …?

Answer 14

A program for administration of a drug that includes the route, the dose (how much), the frequency (how often), and the duration (for how long) of administration.

Question 15

Residue is …?

Answer 15

An amount of a drug still present in animal tissue or products (e.g., meat, milk, eggs) at a particular point (slaughter or collection)

Question 16

veterinarian-client-patient relationship is …?

Answer 16

The set of circumstances that must exist between the veterinarian, the client, and the patient before the dispensing of prescription drugs is appropriate.

Question 17

Withdrawal time is …?

Answer 17

The length of time it takes for a drug to be eliminated from animal tissue or products after it is no longer used.

Question 18

What are some ways that drugs can be administered orally?

Answer 18

-medications can be directly in the mouth or may be given via a tube passed through the nasal passages (nasogastric), or through the .mouth (orogastric)

Question 19

What factors can influence absorption of drugs from the digestive tract?

Answer 19

• the ph of the drug
• it’s sociability (fat vs. water)

The size and shape of the molecule

-the presence or absence of food