Chapter 1: blood Flashcards
blood is classified as…
connective tissue
percentage of plasma?
55%
percentage of formed element
45%
what is most common in the composition of plasma
Albumin
percentages of plasma
90% water
8% protein
function of erythrocytes
gas transports hemoglobin that carries oxygen in the blood
how much carbon dioxide is carried in the blood
20%
Granulocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
Agranulocytes
lymphocyte
monocyte
lymphocyte
large spherical nucleus
-plays a crucial part in immunity
lymphocyte types:
b-lymphocytes
t-lymphocytes
B-lymphoscytes
give rise to plasma cells which in turn produce antibodies
T-lymphocytes
directly attack virus-infected cells and tumor cells
monocyte
kidney shaped nucleus
-are active phagocytes against virus and chronic infections
neutrophils
- multilobed nucleus
- most numerous WBCs
what is a neutrophils action?
-chemically attracted site of inflammation and are active phagocytes
eosinophil
- bilobed nucleus
- ALLERGIES & ASTHMA
- attacks parasitic worms
basophil
- bilobed nucleus/ purpiish-black
- do not participate dirrectly in immune response, they call for HELP
antigens
anything that the body perceives as foreign and generates an immune response
agglutination
- promoted by antigens
- determine one’s blood type
universal donor
Type O
universal recipient
Type AB
type A blood has..
- Antigen A
- Antibody B
type B blood has..
- Antigen B
- Antibody A
type AB blood has..
- Antigen A and B
- no Antibodies
type O
- no Antigens
- Antibodies A and B
anemia
- bloods oxygen-carrying capacity is too low to support normal metabolism
- may result in decrease in RBCs or decreased hemoglobin content in RBCs
polycythemia
abnormal excess of RBCs that increases blood viscosity
leukopenia
abnormally low white blood cell count/ below 4000 cells per mm2(squared)
leukocytosis
- increased WBCs
- over 11,000 cells per microliter
- normal homeostatic response to an infection in the body
leukemia
overproduction of abnormal WBCs, accompanies by a reduction in the number of RBCs and platelets
sickle cell anemia
abnormal hemoglobin, results from a change in one of the 146 amino acids in a beta chain of the globin molecule. Cell becomes irregular shaped and is not able to carry oxygen
iron-deficiency anemia
inadequate intake of iron-containing foods or impaired iron absorption (iron is a part of hemoglobin)
cuagulation
blood clotting
hematocrit
percentage of RBCs present in a given volume
centrifuging
centrifugal force packs down heavier formed elements in a capillary tube, and less dense plasma remains at the top. (In order: plasma, buffy coat (leukocytes and platelets), and erythrocytes at the bottom)
plasma
least dense component
buffy coat
1% of whole blood
erythocytes
most dense component
