Chapter 1 - Biology: The Study of Life

Question 1

What is Metabolism?

Answer 1

The sum total of all processes in an organism which convert energy and matter from outside sources and use that energy and matter to sustain the organisms life functions.

Question 2

What is Anabolism

Answer 2

The sum total of all processes in an organism which use energy and simple chemical building blocks to produce large chemicals and structures necessary for life.

Question 3

What is Catabolism?

Answer 3

The sum total of all processes in an organism which breakdown chemicals to produce energy and simple chemical building blocks.

Question 4

What is Photosynthesis?

Answer 4

The process by which green plants and some other organisms use the energy of sunlight and simple chemicals to produce their own food.

Question 5

What are Herbivores?

Answer 5

Organisms that eat only plants.

Question 6

What are Carnivores?

Answer 6

Organisms that eat only organisms other than plants.

Question 7

What are Omnivores?

Answer 7

Organisms that eat both plants and other organisms.

Question 8

What is a Producer?

Answer 8

Organisms that produce their own food.

Question 9

What are Consumers?

Answer 9

Organisms that eat living producers and or other consumers for food.

Question 10

What are Decomposers?

Answer 10

Organisms that break down the dead remains of other organisms.

Question 11

What are Autotrophs?

Answer 11

Organisms that are able to make their own food.

Question 12

What are Heterotrophs?

Answer 12

Organisms that depend on other organisms for their food.

Question 13

What are Receptors?

Answer 13

Special structures that allow living organisms to sense the conditions of their internal or external environment.

Question 14

What is Asexual Reproduction?

Answer 14

Reproduction accomplished by a single organism.

Question 15

What is Sexual Reproduction

Answer 15

Reproduction that requires two organisms

Question 16

What is Inheritance?

Answer 16

The process by which physical and biological characteristics are transmitted from the parent (or parents) to offspring.

Question 17

What is Mutation?

Answer 17

An abrupt and marked change in the DNA of an organism compared to that of its parents.

Question 18

What is a Hypothesis?

Answer 18

An educated guess that attempts to explain an observation or answer a question.

Question 19

What is a Theory?

Answer 19

A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data.

Question 20

What is Scientific Law?

Answer 20

A theory that has been tested by and is consistent with generations of data.

Question 21

What are Microorganisms?

Answer 21

Living creatures that are too small to see with the naked eye.

Question 22

What is Abiogenesis?

Answer 22

The idea that long ago very simple life from spontaneously appeared through chemical reactions.

Question 23

What are the seven levels of the classification of living things?

Answer 23

kingdom, phylum,class, order, family, genus, and species

Question 24

What is a Prokaryotic cell?

Answer 24

A cell that has no distinct membrane-bounded organelles.

Question 25

What is a Eukaryotic cell?

Answer 25

A cell with distinct, membrane-bounded organelles.

Question 26

What are Species?

Answer 26

A unit of one or more populations of individuals that can reproduce under normal conditions, produce fertile offspring, and are reproductively isolated from other such units.

Question 27

What is Taxonomy?

Answer 27

The science of classifying organisms.

Question 28

What is Binomial nomenclature?

Answer 28

Naming an organism with its genus and species name.