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Ana & Phys > Chapter 1: Bio Fundamentals > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Bio Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

Define Anatomy and Physiology.

A

Anatomy is the study of structure. Physiology is the study of how body parts function

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2
Q

What are the six levels of structural organization? Give examples

A
  1. Chemical (Oxygen)
  2. Cellular (Blood cell)
  3. Tissue (Connective)
  4. Organ (Liver)
  5. Organ system (Digestive system)
  6. Organismal (Person)
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3
Q

Define Metabolism

A

A biochemical process that converts food into energy

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4
Q

Define Homeostasis

A

A condition of balance in the body’s internal environment maintained by regulatory processes

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5
Q

Define interstitial fluid

A

Fluid found between cells in a tissue

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6
Q

How do feedback systems maintain homeostasis?

A
  1. Receptor monitors changes and sends an input
  2. Control center evaluates the input and generates an output
  3. Effector receives output and produces a response
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7
Q

What is negative feedback?

A

Continues feedback loop until a “set point” is reached

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8
Q

What is positive feedback?

A

Continues feedback loop until external mechanism interrupts cycle

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9
Q

What are possible outcomes of homeostatic imbalance?

A

Can result in disease, disorder, or death

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10
Q

What is anatomical position and why is it important?

A

A standardized method of observing that allows for consistent anatomical reference.

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11
Q

Forearm

A

Antebrachial

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12
Q
A

Antecubital

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13
Q
A

Axillary

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14
Q
A

Brachial

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15
Q
A

Calcaneal

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16
Q
A

Carpal

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17
Q
A

Cephalic

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18
Q

Neck

A

Cervical

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19
Q
A

Coxal

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20
Q
A

Digital

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21
Q
A

femoral

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22
Q
A

Frontal

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23
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24
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25
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26
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27
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28
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29
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31
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32
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33
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34
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35
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36
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37
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38
Q

Dorsal

39
Q

Ventral

40
Q

Superior

A

Toward head or upper part

41
Q

Inferior

A

Away from head or lower part

42
Q

Anterior

A

Forward facing/front of body

43
Q

Posterior

A

Backward facing/back of body

44
Q

Medial

45
Q

Lateral

46
Q

Superficial

48
Q

Proximal

49
Q

Distal

50
Q

Midsagittal plane

51
Q

Parasagittal plane

52
Q

Frontal plane

53
Q

Transverse plane

54
Q

Describe location, subdivision, and list major organs of cranial cavity

55
Q

Describe location, subdivision, and list major organs of vertebral cavity

56
Q

Describe location, subdivision, and list major organs of thoracic cavity

57
Q

Describe location, subdivision, and list major organs of abdominopelvic cavity

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