Chapter 1 - Behavior

Question 1

Four fundamental forces of the universe

Answer 1

Gravity
Electromagnetism
Strong nuclear force
Weak nuclear force

Question 2

String Theory

Answer 2

1980s = set out to prove mathematically that this is the only possible way the universe could be.

Question 3

hard problem

Answer 3

if the universe is composed of matter and energy, why is there consciousness? (David Chalmers)

Question 4

mind-brain problem

Answer 4

how did brain activity become conscious? what is the relationship between mental experience and brain activity?

Question 5

biological psychology

Answer 5

the study of the physiological, evolutionary, and developmental mechanisms of behavior and experience.

Question 6

four categories of biological explanations of behavior

Answer 6

physiological
ontogenic
evolutionary
functional

Question 7

physiological explanation

Answer 7

relates a behavior to the activity of the brain and other organs (i.e. chemical reactions that allow hormones to influence brain activity)

Question 8

ontogenic explanation

Answer 8

describes how a structure or behavior develops (including influences of genes, nutrition, experiences, and their interactions)… i.e. an infant developing the ability to inhibit as they grow older

Question 9

evolutionary explanation

Answer 9

reconstructs evolutionary history of a structure or behavior (i.e. using tools, or recognizing left overs like goose bumps)

Question 10

functional explanation

Answer 10

describes why a structure or behavior evolved as it did (i.e. a prevalent gene due to like paternal origins)