Chapter 1: Basic Math Review Flashcards
Notes from class, example problems, homework problems
Physical quantities are expressed with _______ and _____
Numbers / Units
What is the abbreviation for “Mega”?
M
What is the abbreviation for Kilo?
k
What is the abbreviation for Centi?
c
What is the abbreviation for milli
m
What is the abbreviation for micro
mu
What is the abbreviation for nano?
n
What is the value of M?
Million / 10^6
What is the value of k?
1,000 / 10^3
What is the value of centi?
0.01 / 10^-2
What is the value of milli?
0.001 / 10^-3
What is the value of micro?
10^-6
What is the value of nano?
10^-9
What is the method for converting units?
Multiply by 1 and ensure old units are canceled away
What does SOH-CAH-TOA stand for?
Sin = opp/hyp
Cos = adj/hyp
Toa = opp/adj
Define vector
A quantity with a direction and a strength (magnitude)
T/F: The magnitude of a vector is always a positive number.
True
What is the difference between distance and displacement?
Distance is the total amount travleded while displacement is the amount moved from start to finish.
Ex: A swimmer swim laps of a 50ft pool. They swim 6 times. Their distance is (50x6) but their displacement is 0.
How many significant figures does 2.0 have?
2
How many significant figures does 2.02 have?
3
How many significant figures does 2.020 have?
4 (any 0 past a decimal point is significant)
How many significant figures does 0.202 have?
- (Leading 0’s are never significant)
How many significant figures does 202ō
4 (A line above the last number means that number is measured and therefore significant)
How many signifiant figures does 20ō0 have?
3 (since the 0 with a line above it is the last measured number, the 0 after it is considered “rounding” and therefore NOT significant)
How many significant figures is 2020?
3 for sure, but maybe 4. It is inconclusive since we do not know what is and is not measured.
Evaluate 5.113 + 4.90 and give proper sig. figs
10.01.
We have 4 sig. figs. because when +/- cut off at the decimal point in the same position. (So since 4.90 is the lower value, but has 2 decimal places, our final answer must have 2 decimal places)
What is meant by “polar” form?
Instead of x,y coordinates you would say “28 North of east” to represent the direction.
How many sig. figs. is 3000?
1, trailing 0’s NOT behind a decimal are not significant
How many sig. figs. is 0.009?
1, leading zeros, even after a decimal are not significant
How many sig. figs is 4.050?
4
How many sig. figs is 2300
2, trailing 0’s are not significant
Consider this formula: z = y /x
If Z = 4.0, and y = 6.0, what is the value of x? Express your answer to the tenths place
X = 1.5
Explanation:
1.) Assess what you know
z = 4.0
y = 6.0
2) Rearrange the equation
2a) z = y / x
i) Multiply both sides by x
2b) zx = y
ii) divide both sides by z
2c) x = y/z
3) Plug in the numbers
3a) x = 6.0 / 4.0
3b) x = 1.5
The expression a-(b+c) is equal to which quantities
- a - b - c
- (a-b)+c
- a - b + c
- a - b - c
Explanation:
a - (b+c)
a - (bc)
distribute the - sign
a - b - c
Rearrange the equation to isolate a
(a + b/c)(d-e) = f
a = f/(d-e) - b/c
explanation:
(a + b/c)(d-e) = f
-Divide (d-e)
(a+ b/c) = f / (d-e)
-Subtract b/c
a = f/(d-e) - b/c
Solve for x
625 = 5x^3
Express the answer to the hundredth place
x = 5
Explanation
625 = 5x^3
-divide both sides by 5
125 = x^3
-take the cube root of both sides
x = 5
A certain line is defined by the equation
y = 5x-8 / 2
What is the slope? (Hint: y=mx+b)
m = 5/2
Explanation:
y = mx+b
y = 5x +b
5 = m
Slope = rise / run
5 /2
A certain line is defined by the equation
y = 5x-8 / 2
What is the y-intercept of the line? (Hint: y=mx+b)
b = -4
Explanation:
y = 5x - 8
y = mx + b
b = -8
-8 /2 = -4
What is the scientific notation of 673.5?
6.735 x 10^2
What is the scientific notation of 0.034?
3.4 x 10^-2
