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Pest Control Structural > Chapter 1: Basic Entomology > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Basic Entomology Flashcards

1
Q

Distinct groups of the animal kingdom are referred to as what?

A

Phyla.

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2
Q

What one of several group of classes represent insects in phylum?

A

Arthropoda (joint footed), called Insececta or Hexapoda (six feet).

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3
Q

How are insects further divided within their respected classes?

A

Orders, families, and species.

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4
Q

How many species of insects have been identified to date and how many are believed to exist?

A

1 million species have been identified to date of a possible 30 million.

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5
Q

Which group of has the greatest number of species?

A

The greatest number belongs to the beetles, fly, moth, and butterfly, and wasp/ant/bee groups.

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6
Q

What is the percentage of insects that are actual pests of humans?

A

Less than 1%.

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7
Q

What are the primary important factors when carrying out proper control procedures and conducting quality management program?

A

Knowledge of insect classification, identification procedures, and insect life cycles.

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8
Q

Insects are…….

A

Invertebrates, animals that do not have a backbone.

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9
Q

What is the name of the outer skeleton of insects?

A

Exo-Skeleton.

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10
Q

What other characteristics separate insects from closely related animals?

A

Three body regions (head. thorax, and abdomen), one of two pair of wings on many adult insects, and adults posses three pair of legs located on the thorax, and one pair of antennae on the head.

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11
Q

Define Metamorphosis.

A

A change in form only (only the most primitive undergo this (ametabolous)). This is only a change is an increase in size.

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12
Q

Define Simple Metamorphosis.

A

Very little change. Three stages: Egg, Nymph, and adult.

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13
Q

Provided examples of insects that undergo simple metamorphosis.

A

Cockroaches, earwigs, termites, lice, true bugs, and aphids all undergo simple metamorphosis. Other examples of aquatic insects that undergo this process are mayflies and dragonflies.

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14
Q

Naiads are considered ______ while adults are considered ________.

A

Naiads are aquatic while adults are winged and terrestrial.

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15
Q

Highly developed insects like beetles, flies, fleas, moths, wasps, and ants, have what type of metamorphosis?

A

Complex metamorphosis.

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16
Q

What order do Silverfish and Firebrats represent?

A

Thysanura.

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17
Q

Provide several characteristics of Silverfish and Firebrats.

A

Experience no metamorphosis. Have chewing mouth parts. Fine scales on the body. Posses long antennae. Have no wings. Feed on paper products, paste, fabrics, and books. Found in warm areas.

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18
Q

What order do Springtails represent?

A

Collembola.

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19
Q

Provide several characteristics of Springtails.

A

Very small (almost microscopic). No metamorphosis. Chewing mouth parts. No wings. Very abundant in moist areas. Feed on decaying organic material.

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20
Q

Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Camel Crickets are part of what order?

A

Orthoptera.

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21
Q

Provide several characteristics of Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Camel Crickets.

A

Adults are medium to large and are rather hard-bodied. Simple metamorphosis. Chewing mouth parts.
Adults generally have two pair of wings. Hind legs are enlarged (jumping). Most are plant feeders.

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22
Q

Cockroaches and termites are part of what order?

A

Blattodea.

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23
Q

Provide several characteristics of Cockroaches and Termites.

A

Simple metamorphosis. Chewing mouthparts for both adults and nymphs. Deposit their eggs to an oothecae (leather case). Nocturnal (cockroaches). Favor cracks and crevices for hiding and breeding. Live in social groups and have a highly developed caste system.

24
Q

Earwigs are part of what order?

A

Dermaptera.

25
Q

Provide several characteristics of Earwigs.

A

Most active at night. Simple metamorphosis. Chewing mouth parts. Mainly scavengers but can be herbivorous or predacious. Forceps (pinchers) at the end of the abdomen.

26
Q

Book or Book Lice are part of what order?

A

psocoptera.

27
Q

Provide several characteristics of Book or Bark Lice.

A

Very small and resemble tiny termites. Simple metamorphosis. Chewing mouth parts. May be winged or wingless. Fed mainly on dry organic matter, fungi, or mold. Feed on the starchy materials of book bindings.

28
Q

True bugs, Aphids, Scales, and Leafhoppers are a part of what order?

A

Hemiptera.

29
Q

Provide several characteristics of True bugs, Aphids, Scales, and Leafhoppers.

A

Vary in size though exceedingly small. Simple metamorphosis. Piercing-sucking mouth parts. Two pair of wings, forewings (hemelytra) or may have two pairs of membranous wings (aphids). Many are plant feeders or predators of other insects. Scent glands that give off an order when disturbed. Many excrete honeydew that ants are attracted to.

30
Q

What is one of the most injurious bugs of seed crops in the United States?

A

Lygus Bug.

31
Q

Beetles and Weevils are a part of what order?

A

Coleoptera.

32
Q

Provide several characteristics of Beetles and Weevils.

A

Complex metamorphosis, chewing mouth parts, live in a variety of habitats (aquatic, terrestrial, and subterranean), larvae with head capsule.

33
Q

Name some examples of pests from the Coleoptera order that frequent stored products.

A

Carpet beetles, flour beetles, and drugstore beetle.

34
Q

Moths and Butterflies are a part of what order?

A

Lepidoptera.

35
Q

Name some characteristics of Moths and Butterflies.

A

Range in size, complex metamorphosis, Larvae chew and adults suck, Antennae with filament ends (Butterfly), four well developed wings, produce natural silk, larvae can be serious pests of cultivated plants.

36
Q

Name some of the insects belonging to the Diptera Order.

A

Flies, mosquitos, gnats, and midges.

37
Q

Provide some characteristics of Diptera order insects.

A

Small with hairy and soft bodies. Sucking mouth parts (mosquito). Single pair of membranous wings. Terrestrial with aquatic larvae and pupae. Many advanced Larvae like the house fly have no head capsule. Primitive like the mosquito do have a capsule.

38
Q

What are the most common encountered flies?

A

The house fly and lesser house fly.

39
Q

True or false: Flies are a medically important group in terms of humans and animals.

A

True.

40
Q

Fleas are a part of what order?

A

Siphonaptera.

41
Q

Name some characteristics of fleas.

A

Laterally compressed bodies. Complex metamorphosis. Powerful jumping legs. Ectoparasites (blood sucking). Well developed head.

42
Q

Which order do Bees, Wasps, Ants, and Sawflies belong to?

A

Hymenoptera.

43
Q

Name some characteristics of Hymenoptera.

A

Complex metamorphosis. Chewing mouth parts. 10 or more segments on antennae (Ants elbowed antennae). Found in flowers and vegetation. Larvae with no legs. Construct nests and are highly social.

44
Q

Name some additional orders to be familiar with.

A

Stoneflies (Plecoptera), caddisflies (Trichoptera), Dragonflies and mayflies (Ephemeroptera). All of these orders are aquatic habitats.

45
Q

What order are Mites, Spiders, and Scorpions a part of?

A

Arachnida.

46
Q

Provide some characteristics of Arachnida.

A

Mites are soft bodied with thick wastes, and no antennae (Common mites include the two spotted, Pacific, Atlantic, and the McDaniel). Brown and clover are also common and found in stored products. Spiders are larger, have two body regions (cephalothorax and abdomen), thin waist, and are beneficial.

47
Q

Provide some characteristics of ticks.

A

Parasitic of humans. Two families occur in WA: Hard ticks (ixodids), and soft ticks (argasids). Hard ticks remain on the host while soft ticks feed at night and hide during the day. Hard ticks have a dorsal plate and the mouth parts are visible from above where as opposite with soft ticks.

48
Q

Provide some characteristics of scorpions.

A

Elongate with five pairs of appendages. About 1 1/2 inches along with a narrow posterior region and a bulbed stinger.

49
Q

True or False: Sun-scorpions primarily feed on insects and do not possess poison glands.

A

True.

50
Q

What order are Millipedes and provide some characteristics.

A

Class diplopoda. Invertebrates with two visible body regions. Most have 30 or more pair of legs. All of the body segment possess two pair of legs except for the first 4 to 5. Generally feed on fungus and decaying plant material.

51
Q

What order are Centipedes and provide some characteristics.

A

Class Chilopoda. Have a pair of legs on each body segment. Move rapidly and prey on small arthropods. Possess poison jaws to paralyze prey.

52
Q

True or False: Eyes are present on Garden Centipedes and Symphylan.

A

False.

53
Q

Class Crustacea contain which insects?

A

Sowbugs and Pillbugs.

54
Q

Provide some characteristics of Sowbugs and Pillbugs.

A

Are oval with a hard convex outer shell. Depend on moisture. Feed on decaying plant material.

55
Q

True or False: The black widow is the most dangerous spider in the state of Washington.

A

True.

Pest Control Structural (2 decks)

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