Chapter 1 - Basic Elements Terminology Worksheet

Question 1

Transverse plane

Answer 1

Divides the body into upper and lower portions. (Radiologists refer to as transaxial/axial; referreed to as looking from feet to head in radioloy)

Question 2

Coronal plane (section)

Answer 2

Also, Coronal plane results in front and back portions of body. Called Coronal because plane is parallel to coronal suture of the skull which divides body in half

Question 3

Saggital plane (section)

Answer 3

Is any cut that is parallel to the median plane and divides the body into left and right portions.

Question 4

Dorsal surface of the body

Answer 4

Posterior; toward the back; opposite of anterior; Dosral for bipeds; Distal.

Question 5

Dorsal surface of the head

Answer 5

Toward the back of the head.

Question 6

Ventral surface of the body

Answer 6

Anterior; front surface of the body

Question 7

Frontal section

Answer 7

Coronal section; results in front/back portions of the body.

Question 8

Anterior

Answer 8

Front surface of the body; ventral synonymous for a standing human.

Question 9

Posterior

Answer 9

Dorsal; toward the back.

Question 10

Lateral

Answer 10

To the side.

Question 11

Medial

Answer 11

Toward the median plane (the one that divides the body from left to right).

Question 12

Inferior

Answer 12

Nearer to the feet; caudal.

Question 13

Superior

Answer 13

Farther above the ground; relative location; cranial.

Question 14

Distal

Answer 14

Pertaining to the back of the body; away from midline.

Question 15

Rostral

Answer 15

Toward the head.

Question 16

Peripheral

Answer 16

Away from the central.

Question 17

Superficial

Answer 17

Confined to/near the surface.

Question 18

Deep

Answer 18

Closer to the axis of the body

Question 19

External

Answer 19

Outside; generally reserved for the cavities within the body.

Question 20

Prone

Answer 20

On the belly (refers to present position).

Question 21

Supine

Answer 21

On the back (refers to present position).

Question 22

Proximal

Answer 22

Toward the root or attachment point.

Question 23

Flexion

Answer 23

Refers to bending at the joint (toward ventral surface, as in sit-ups).

Question 24

Extension

Answer 24

Oposite of flexion; act of pulling two ends further apart.

Question 25

Hyperextension

Answer 25

Extreme extension, dorsiflexion ((arching back at end of sit-up).

Question 26

Dorsiflexion

Answer 26

Hyperextension; extreme extension (arching of back at end of sit-up).

Question 27

Plantar

Answer 27

Refers to the sole of the foot.

Question 28

Palmar

Answer 28

Refers to the palm of the hand.

Question 29

Connective tissue

Answer 29

Purpose of is support and protection; composed of the intercellular material referred to as matrix, within which cells of connective tissue are bound; may be solid, liquid (blood) or gel-like.

Question 30

Epithelial tissue

Answer 30

Outer layer of mucous membranes and cells constituting skin, linings of major body cavities and all “tubes” that pass into, out of and through the body.

Question 31

Muscle tissue

Answer 31

Contractile tissue; classified as being striated (striped, “skeletal muscle” used to move skeletal structures); smooth (digestive tract and blood vessels), and cardiac (cells that are net-like in structure).

Question 32

Neural tissue

Answer 32

Highly specialized communicative tussue consisting of neurons or nerve cells.

Question 33

Origin

Answer 33

Proximal attachment of a muscle; point of attachment of a muscle with relatively little movement.

Question 34

Insertion

Answer 34

A relatively mobile point of attachment of a muscle.

Question 35

Tendon

Answer 35

Provides means of attaching muscle to bone.

Question 36

Ligament

Answer 36

Connective tissue that binds bone to bone.