Chapter 1:Atoms, elements and the periodic table

Question 1

1A: Atoms and elements

Smallest unit of matter used in VCE chemistr

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

1A: Atoms and elements

Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Answer 2

Atomic number

Question 3

1A: Atoms and elements

Abbreviation used to represent a chemical element

Answer 3

Chemical symbol

Question 4

1A: Atoms and elements

Two or more atoms of different elements bonded together

Answer 4

Compound

Question 5

1A: Atoms and elements

Negatively charged particle that exists outside the nucleus of an atom

Answer 5

Electron

Question 6

1A: Atoms and elements

Pure substance containing only a single type of atom

Answer 6

Element

Question 7

1A: Atoms and elements

Atom that has lost or gained electrons to become a charged particle

Answer 7

Ion

Question 8

1A: Atoms and elements

Variants of an element which have the same atomic number but a different number of neutrons in their nuclei

Answer 8

Isotope

Question 9

1A: Atoms and elements

Mass of an atom, equal to the sum of protons and neutrons

Answer 9

Mass number

Question 10

1A: Atoms and elements

When two or more non-metal atoms bond by sharing electrons

Answer 10

Molecule

Question 11

1A: Atoms and elements

Neutral particle inside the nucleus of an atom

Answer 11

Neutron

Question 12

1A: Atoms and elements

Region at the centre of an atom that contains protons and neutrons

Answer 12

Nucleus

Question 13

1A: Atoms and elements

Table of chemical elements in which elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number

Answer 13

Periodic table

Question 14

1A: Atoms and elements

Positively charged particle inside the nucleus of an atom

Answer 14

Proton

Question 15

1A: Atoms and elements

Particle that exists inside the atom

Answer 15

Subatomic particle

Question 16

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Rule that states subshells are filled by electrons from the lowest to the highest energy leve

Answer 16

Aufbau principle

Question 17

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Assortment of elements into discrete categories based on which subshell their valence electrons are found in

Answer 17

Blocks

Question 18

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Arrangement of electrons in shells and/or subshells

Answer 18

Electron configuration

Question 19

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Orbits containing different levels of energy, around the nucleus of an atom where electrons are found according to the Bohr and Schrodinger models

Answer 19

Energy shells/ levels

Question 20

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Columns in the periodic table

Answer 20

Groups

Question 21

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Regions with the highest probability of finding electrons

Answer 21

Orbitals

Question 22

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Rule that states an orbital can’t hold more than 2 electrons

Answer 22

Pauli exclusion principle

Question 23

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Rows in the periodic table

Answer 23

Periods

Question 24

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Characteristics of elements in a period

Answer 24

Periodicity

Question 25

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Outermost energy shell

Answer 25

Valence shell

Question 26

1B: Periodic table- Part 1

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom

Answer 26

Valence electrons

Question 27

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

Attractive force between the positive nucleus and valence electrons, measured as the difference in the number of protons and inner electrons

Answer 27

Core charge

Question 28

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

How strongly an atom attracts electrons towards itself

Answer 28

Electronegativity

Question 29

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

Energy required to remove the first valence electron from an atom

Answer 29

First ionisation energy

Question 30

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

Atom that has lost or gained electrons to become a charged particle

Answer 30

Ion

Question 31

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

Chemical properties associated with metals

Answer 31

Metallic character

Question 32

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

Elements which possess properties that are in-between those of metals and non-metals

Answer 32

Metalloids

Question 33

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

Unreactive gases found in group 18 of the periodic table

Answer 33

Noble gases

Question 34

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

General principle which states that atoms like to have 8 electrons in theirvalence shell for stability

Answer 34

Octet rule

Question 35

1C:Periodic Table - Part 2

Tendency of atoms to undergo a chemical reaction

Answer 35

Reactivity

Question 36

1D: Recycling Critical Elements

Elements that are vital and considered in short supply unless they are recycled as sources could become depleted in 50–100 years

Answer 36

Critical elements

Question 37

1D: Recycling Critical Elements

Elements that have a limited supply left on Earth

Answer 37

Endangered

Question 38

1D: Recycling Critical Elements

15 naturally occurring metallic chemical elements, whose atomic numbers
fall between 57 (Lanthanum) and 71 (Lutetium)

Answer 38

Lanthanoids

Question 39

1D: Recycling Critical Elements

Converting a waste product into a reusable product

Answer 39

Recycled

Question 40

1D: Recycling Critical Elements

Can be produced at a rate that is greater than consumption without compromising future generations

Answer 40

Sustainable

Question 41

1D: Recycling Critical Elements

Elements that occupy groups 3 to 12 on the periodic table

Answer 41

Transition metals