Chapter 1 And 2 Terms (Test 1)

Question 1

Colonialism (p. 27)

Answer 1

Formal establishment over a foreign population (Britan to India; imperialism)

Question 2

Centrifugal forces (p. 24)

Answer 2

Force that weakens and pulls the population away from the state (low income/well being)

Question 3

Centripetal Forces (p. 26)

Answer 3

Reasons for a population to stay in a state (shared history or military protection)

Question 4

Cultural Imperialism (p. 18)

Answer 4

The active promotion of one cultural system at the expensive of another (spread of European culture, almost erasing others around the world)

Question 5

Cultural Nationalism (p. 18)

Answer 5

Process of defending a cultural system against outside cultures, while promoting national/local values (France trying to get rid of English phrases like “le weekend”

Question 6

Cultural Syncretism/Hybridization (p. 19)

Answer 6

Blending of two unique cultures to create one synchronized culture (India’s use of English created “Indlish”, which contains some words that regular English does not use”

Question 7

Culture (p. 18)

Answer 7

A learned behavior shared between a group of people which creates a “way of life” (affects things from music to food, or even religion)

Question 8

Decolonialization (p. 27)

Answer 8

Process of a colony gaining or regaining control of the territory and also forming heir own government (revolutionary war in the US)

Question 9

Ethnic Religions (p. 21)

Answer 9

A religion that remains closely identified with a specific group of people and does not actively seek new members (Judiasm or Hinduism)

Question 10

Universalizing Religion (p. 21)

Answer 10

A religion that attempts to appeal to all people regardless of their culture or location, focus on gaining new members (Christianity or Islam )

Question 11

Globalization (p. 2)

Answer 11

The increasing interconnectedness of people and places through converging processes of economic, political, and cultural change. (Internet, travel, communications connect worlds) a

Question 12

Gross Domestic Product |GDP| (p. 29)

Answer 12

The value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders (measure of the size of a country’s economy)

Question 13

Gross National Income |GNI| (p. 29)

Answer 13

Combines GDP with a country’s income from abroad to create a final gross income (is not used often because it is misleading due to not showing natural resource loss or no market economic activity like bartering)

Question 14

GNI Per Capita (p. 30)

Answer 14

Takes the GNI divided by the countries population. This way large and small economies can be compared and is less misleading.

Question 15

Human Development Index (p. 31)

Answer 15

Combination of data on life expectancy, literacy, educational attainment, gender equity, and income in order to show social development

Question 16

Lingua Franca (p. 20)

Answer 16

A third language used to serve as a common tongue between two parties who speak different languages. (primarily used for trade)

Question 17

Nation State (p. 23)

Answer 17

An area with a group of people who share the same culture, usually with their own independent political territory (some do not like the Kurds in Southwest Asia)

Question 18

Net Migration Rate (p. 16)

Answer 18

The total movement in a country after immigration(coming in) and emigration(leaving) takes place (are they positive or negative people after)

Question 19

Population Pyramid (p. 14)

Answer 19

Graph that shows ages(male and female) in the percentages of a population, mainly used to show growth(or the lack of) in a population

Question 20

Rate of Natural Increase |RNI| (p. 12)

Answer 20

Annual growth rate of a population displayed as a percentage (this does not include immigration or emigration)

Question 21

Secularization (p. 21)

Answer 21

People considering themselves nonreligious or outright atheistic

Question 22

Sweatshop (p. 6)

Answer 22

Crude factories in which workers perform labor intensive tasks for extremely low wages

Question 23

Total Fertility Rate |TFI| (p. 14)

Answer 23

Hypothetical number that measures the average number of kids per woman in a population

Question 24

Transnational Firm |world bank, IMF, WTO| (p. 4)

Answer 24

Global organization that do business through international subsidiaries(smaller individually owned companies), mainly to help create flow of goods and capital across boundaries

Question 25

Urbanized Population (p. 17)

Answer 25

The percentage of a countries population that lives in a city

Question 26

Anthropogenic (p. 37)

Answer 26

Cause by human activity, mainly talked about in climate change

Question 27

Climate Region (p. 36)

Answer 27

A boundary drawn where similar atmospheric conditions are located (rainforests or deserts)

Question 28

Climograph (p. 37)

Answer 28

Graph of average high and low temperatures and precipitation for an entire year

Question 29

Desertification (p. 44)

Answer 29

Spread of desertlike conditions into semi arid areas, usually through poor farming methods

Question 30

Global Warming (p. 37)

Answer 30

Increase in the temperature of the earth

Question 31

Greenhouse Effect (p. 37)

Answer 31

Traps the Suns radiation by an array of natural gasses in the atmospheric layer closest to the earth creating the warm, atmospheric envelope that supports human life

Question 32

Green Revolution (p. 46)

Answer 32

Spread of new agricultural techniques creating larger global food production

Question 33

Asymmetrical Warfare (p. 27)

Answer 33

When the weaker country in a war uses unconventional or frowned upon tactics since they are at a disadvantage or in desperation (think suicide bombing)