Chapter 1 And 2 Terms (Test 1) Flashcards
Colonialism (p. 27)
Formal establishment over a foreign population (Britan to India; imperialism)
Centrifugal forces (p. 24)
Force that weakens and pulls the population away from the state (low income/well being)
Centripetal Forces (p. 26)
Reasons for a population to stay in a state (shared history or military protection)
Cultural Imperialism (p. 18)
The active promotion of one cultural system at the expensive of another (spread of European culture, almost erasing others around the world)
Cultural Nationalism (p. 18)
Process of defending a cultural system against outside cultures, while promoting national/local values (France trying to get rid of English phrases like “le weekend”
Cultural Syncretism/Hybridization (p. 19)
Blending of two unique cultures to create one synchronized culture (India’s use of English created “Indlish”, which contains some words that regular English does not use”
Culture (p. 18)
A learned behavior shared between a group of people which creates a “way of life” (affects things from music to food, or even religion)
Decolonialization (p. 27)
Process of a colony gaining or regaining control of the territory and also forming heir own government (revolutionary war in the US)
Ethnic Religions (p. 21)
A religion that remains closely identified with a specific group of people and does not actively seek new members (Judiasm or Hinduism)
Universalizing Religion (p. 21)
A religion that attempts to appeal to all people regardless of their culture or location, focus on gaining new members (Christianity or Islam )
Globalization (p. 2)
The increasing interconnectedness of people and places through converging processes of economic, political, and cultural change. (Internet, travel, communications connect worlds) a
Gross Domestic Product |GDP| (p. 29)
The value of all final goods and services produced within a country’s borders (measure of the size of a country’s economy)
Gross National Income |GNI| (p. 29)
Combines GDP with a country’s income from abroad to create a final gross income (is not used often because it is misleading due to not showing natural resource loss or no market economic activity like bartering)
GNI Per Capita (p. 30)
Takes the GNI divided by the countries population. This way large and small economies can be compared and is less misleading.
Human Development Index (p. 31)
Combination of data on life expectancy, literacy, educational attainment, gender equity, and income in order to show social development
Lingua Franca (p. 20)
A third language used to serve as a common tongue between two parties who speak different languages. (primarily used for trade)
Nation State (p. 23)
An area with a group of people who share the same culture, usually with their own independent political territory (some do not like the Kurds in Southwest Asia)
Net Migration Rate (p. 16)
The total movement in a country after immigration(coming in) and emigration(leaving) takes place (are they positive or negative people after)
Population Pyramid (p. 14)
Graph that shows ages(male and female) in the percentages of a population, mainly used to show growth(or the lack of) in a population
Rate of Natural Increase |RNI| (p. 12)
Annual growth rate of a population displayed as a percentage (this does not include immigration or emigration)
Secularization (p. 21)
People considering themselves nonreligious or outright atheistic
Sweatshop (p. 6)
Crude factories in which workers perform labor intensive tasks for extremely low wages
Total Fertility Rate |TFI| (p. 14)
Hypothetical number that measures the average number of kids per woman in a population
Transnational Firm |world bank, IMF, WTO| (p. 4)
Global organization that do business through international subsidiaries(smaller individually owned companies), mainly to help create flow of goods and capital across boundaries
Urbanized Population (p. 17)
The percentage of a countries population that lives in a city
Anthropogenic (p. 37)
Cause by human activity, mainly talked about in climate change
Climate Region (p. 36)
A boundary drawn where similar atmospheric conditions are located (rainforests or deserts)
Climograph (p. 37)
Graph of average high and low temperatures and precipitation for an entire year
Desertification (p. 44)
Spread of desertlike conditions into semi arid areas, usually through poor farming methods
Global Warming (p. 37)
Increase in the temperature of the earth
Greenhouse Effect (p. 37)
Traps the Suns radiation by an array of natural gasses in the atmospheric layer closest to the earth creating the warm, atmospheric envelope that supports human life
Green Revolution (p. 46)
Spread of new agricultural techniques creating larger global food production
Asymmetrical Warfare (p. 27)
When the weaker country in a war uses unconventional or frowned upon tactics since they are at a disadvantage or in desperation (think suicide bombing)
