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Family Studies > Chapter 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What do social scientists examine? (3)

A
  1. how people are organized into a family
  2. specific behaviours families use to perform their roles in society
  3. how society motivates individuals and families carry out these responsibilities.
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2
Q

What are the functions of a family? (6) All Cool Snakes Bring Me Eggs

A
  1. Addition of new members through reproduction because of the dependency of infants.
  2. Care for all members.
  3. Socialize children (teach them societal values)
  4. Responsible for controlling their behaviour to maintain order in the family and society.
  5. Morals and motivation of the fa mily
  6. Economic function of producing and consuming goods.
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3
Q

How can social scientists speculate about the emergence of human families?

A

By studying fossil evidence dug up by archaeologists

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4
Q

What caused the first grouping of humans into family units?

A

Our large brains compared to our relative body size.

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5
Q

How does our brain distinguish us from other animal species?

A

allows us to think, feel emotions, invent, use language as a means of communication, and problem solve.

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6
Q

Why would humans not have survived as a species unless there were some form of family grouping?

A

Because infants are helpless for their first four to five years (born with a big head to hold their brain.)

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7
Q

What was the role of men in hunter-gatherer families?

A

tool makers, father to specific children, left family for days to pursue larger animals for meat

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8
Q

What was the role of women in hunter-gatherer families?

A

gathered herbs, fruits, and small pray, nurtured children, knew how to use plants as medicine (essential to survival)

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9
Q

How was the family organized in hunter-gatherer society?

A

loosely organized (a group of parents and their children)

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10
Q

How did hunter-gatherer families start to not become nomadic?

A

They started to stay in one place with an abundance of a resource such as a river.

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11
Q

How did agricultural families change the fundamental structure of families?

A

bigger families, provided more food but increased manual labour,

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12
Q

What was the role of women in agricultural families?

A

focused on private family, chattel, domestic work, handled kids

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13
Q

What was the role of men in agricultural families?

A

authoritative and decision makers (ensured fatherhood and inheritence)

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14
Q

What was the role of children in agricultural families?

A

economic assets because they could work on the land and supported their parents when they got older

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15
Q

What are some key terms related to agricultural families?

A

patriarchal, monogamy (preferred arrangement), arranged marriage, polygamy (sign of a wealthy farmer), extended family

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16
Q

Who did pre-industrial families consist of mostly?

A

Early European who migrated to Canada.

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17
Q

How did pre-industrial families start?

A

men without land moved to the city with their wives to find another job (Artisan, builder, politican, merchant, soldier)

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18
Q

Why was marriage an economic necessity in a pre-industrial family?

A

Because there was no work for single women and no housekeepers for single men

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19
Q

How did child labour work in pre-industrial families?

A

Boys: worked on a farm or became an apprentice
Girls: household chores or became a domestic servant

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20
Q

What was the role of men in pre-industrial families?

A

property owners

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21
Q

What was the role of women in pre-industrial families?

A

property of men, often harshly disciplined by men, expected to confine their activities to family household

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22
Q

What caused the formation of urban industrial families?

A

the industrial revolution

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23
Q

What happened to economic roles in urban industrial families?

A

lost its role as a producer, kept its role as a consumer

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24
Q

What was the role of women in urban industrial society?

A

motherhood, worked at home, taken care of husband financially

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25
Q

What was the role of men in urban industrial society?

A

exclusive provider, head of household, link between family and society

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26
Q

Why did families get smaller in the urban industrial society? (2)

A
  1. Canadians delayed marriage until they could afford a house
  2. children had to be supported until they finished school
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27
Q

What was the role of women in a modern consumer family?

A

to be a wife, mother, housekeeper, nurture children

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28
Q

What was the role of men in a modern consumer family?

A

father of household, made all important decisions, provide for the family, discipline the children

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29
Q

What was the role of children in a modern consumer family?

A

no child labour, they were disciplined, went to school into their teenage years

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30
Q

Why did Canadian families get bigger during the time of a modern consumer family?

A

economy grew, baby boom, women averaged 4 kids per household,

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31
Q

According to anthropologists, what is the definition of a family?

A

the ways families organize themselves to survive and thrive
universal prerequisites and functions of the survival of any society
these functions are identified as the functions of a family

32
Q

According to sociologists, what is the definition of a family?

A

a social group characterized by common residence, economic co-operation, and reproduction
any group of people related to each other by blood or marriage

33
Q

According to the Vanier Institution of a Family, what is a working definition of a family?

A

any combination of 2+ people who are bound together by ties through mutual consent, adoption or marriage and who abide by the 6 functions of a family (All Cool Snakes Bring Me Eggs)

34
Q

Nuclear Family

A

husband and wife live with their children and place more importance on their married life rather than their relationship with their parents

35
Q

Cultural Anthropology

A

they study human societies, cultures, and their development

36
Q

Hordes

A

loose grouping of males and females and their offspring

37
Q

Consanuinity

A

relationship by blood

38
Q

Conjugal Relationships

A

legitimate sexual relationships that would otherwise bet termed as marriage today

39
Q

Monogamy

A

having one martial partner

40
Q

Patriarchy

A

men were in authority; decision makers of the family

41
Q

Arranged Marriage

A

agreement negotiated between families, requiring men to compete for young women who could work hard and make lottaaa babies

42
Q

Polygamy

A

several martial partners

43
Q

Extended family

A

young adults who continued to live in their parent’s home after marriage

44
Q

Cottage Industry

A

When males moved from rural areas to urban areas to become artisans, merchants, politicians, builder and soldiers because they did not own land (with their wives)

45
Q

Industrial Nuclear Family

A

notion of motherhood was “sacred” and the primary role of women

46
Q

Family Wage

A

money earned by men

47
Q

Transitional Family

A

mother temporarily leaves the workforce to look after young children

48
Q

Dual Income Family

A

both spouses work full time

49
Q

Blended Family

A

divorced partners with children re-marry

50
Q

Disciplines

A

specific branches of learning (E.x mathematics, physics, etc)

51
Q

Theoretical Perspective

A

a POV based on a theory

52
Q

Theory

A

framework for organizing and explaining evidence

53
Q

Anthropology

A

the study of human behaviour in society

54
Q

Ethnocentrism

A

the tendency to evaluate behaviour from the POV of your culture

55
Q

Sociology

A

explains the behavior of individuals as they interact in social group

56
Q

Psychology

A

explains the behavior of individuals through mental processes

57
Q

Norm

A

societal standards for proper and acceptable behavior

58
Q

Mesosystem

A

a group of people in a society based on age and generation

59
Q

Roles

A

the set of behaviours that an individual is expected to abide

60
Q

Feedback

A

a process which group members learn how to interact and to retain stability of the group

61
Q

Cohort

A

small groups influenced by society who socialize individuals

62
Q

What are the 4 fundamental questions social scientists ask?

A

1) what happens?
2) how does it happen?
3) why does it happen?
4) how can people change what happens?

63
Q

What is the importance of choosing a particular discipline? (3)

A
  • determines what observations a researcher will make and what theoretical perspective will be used to organize and explain the evidence
  • will determine whether the research is marco or micro
  • may suggest how results are applied to predicting what will happen
64
Q

Functionalism (norms or trends)

A

How is a family organized to fulfill a function

65
Q

Systems Theory (interaction)

A

How do family members interact to fulfill functions?

66
Q

Symbolic Interaction (perception and interpretation)

A

What meanings do individuals place on behaviors and how do they respond?

67
Q

Exchange Theory (determines priorities)

A

How do the perceived costs and benefits influence a course of action?

68
Q

Life Course Approach (patterns over time using a large sample group)

A

How are developmental tasks at this stage influencing the behavior of individuals or families?

69
Q

Conflict/Feminist Theory (brings up challenging questions)

A

How do power and authority affect behavior in the family?

70
Q

Ecological Systems Theory (considers variables and determines patterns of influence)

A

How do socio-cultural, socio-economic, and interpersonal environments affect behavior?

71
Q

Research Question

A

establishes a purpose of research

72
Q

Hypothesis

A

possible answer to research questions (can be gathered in 2 ways)

73
Q

Quantitative Method

A

gathers info from many people (results can be turned into statistics of the sample group to predict the behavior of an entire group)

74
Q

Qualitative Method

A

gathers detailed info of sample group to understand their behavior (determine the reasons for the subject’s behavior and is presented as a case study)

75
Q

When did women’s status change

A

when they became less dependent on their spouse for income and divorce act and birth control

76
Q

Affective Nurturance

A

Meeting the emotional needs of someone

Family Studies (1 decks)

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