Chapter 1 and 2 Flashcards
Informal Social Control.
Individuals are socialized into internalizing the norms and values of these institutions.
Social Controls
The collective practices by which a group attempts to ensure that individuals conform to the norms and values of the group.
Formal Social Control
Use of sanctions for rule breaking.
Constitution
Be able to to describe the social arrangements between a government and its citizens.
Three branches of government
Legislative, executive and judicial
Bill of Rights
The first ten amendments.
First amendment
Right to free speech.
Fourth amendment
Protects against unlawful search and seizure and improper use of police force.
Fifth amendment
Right against self incrimination and double jeopardy.
Sixth amendment
Rights to speedy trial, jury trial, know the charges, cross examine the witness, a lawyer, and compel witnesses on ones behalf.
Eighth amendment
Rights to reasonable bail, against excessive fines and against cruel unusual punishments.
Fourteenth amendment
Due process and equal protection by requiring constitutional rights regardless of state law or procedure.
Civil law
Regulates social interactions arising from private, commercial or contractual relations.
Case law
Written opinions of the court.
Four primary roles of police responsibility?
Law enforcement, order maintenance, provision of miscellaneous services, convenience norm enforcement.
Legalistic style
One in which authority is highly centralized or bureaucratic.
Watchmen style
Policing emphasizes order maintenance and crime control.
Service style
Emphasizes providing services to their residents.
Frank pledge system
Males above the age of twelve was required to form a group with nine neighbors known as tithing.
Community oriented policing
Advocated that police departments should form partnerships with community groups to address crime and fear issues.
August Cesar
Created the praetorian guard to protect him from assassination and was the first roman ruler to implement police force.
August vollmer
Recognized as the patriarch of police professionalism
Christopher commission
Appointed in Los Angeles in 1991 to investigate police brutality and excessive force.
Wickersham commission
Charged with studying the rising crime rate and the lack of an effective police response.