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A+ 220-801 > Chapter 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

active heat sink

A

Heat sink with attached fan.

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2
Q

AGP

A

(Accelerated Graphics Port) A 32-bit I/O bus used for video, provides for a direct connection between the video card and memory.

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3
Q

AMR

A

(Audio Modem Riser) A riser card and slot designed to support surround audio and soft modem on some motherboards.

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4
Q

application programs

A

used to create, store, modify, and view information you create, also called data

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5
Q

ATX

A

(Advanced Technology Integrated) Motherboard form factor with integrated port cluster at left rear of board, basis for most mid-size to full-size desktop systems.

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6
Q

bus speeds

A

Speeds of various buses on motherboards (PCI, PCIe, memory, and so on).

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7
Q

chip creep

A

Socketed chips working their way out of sockets over time due to heating/cooling.

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8
Q

chipset

A

Support chips on a motherboard (northbridge or memory controller hub; southbridge or I/O controller hub) that provide interface between onboard components and expansion slots and CPU.

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9
Q

CNR

A

Communications Network Riser. Riser slot and card for soft modem and network adapter on some motherboards.

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10
Q

continuous reboots

A

Symptom of Power Good power supply problem or STOP (BSOD) error if system is configured to restart on BSOD.

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11
Q

CPU

A

(central processing unit) An electronic circuit that can process data and execute computer programs (Core i7, Phenom II, and so on).

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12
Q

CPU fan connector

A

Connection on motherboard to power CPU fan and monitor speed.

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13
Q

dead short

A

Short circuit on the motherboard that makes the system appear to be dead.

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14
Q

expansion slots

A

Slots in the motherboard for video, network, mass storage, and other types of cards. Types include PCIe, PCI, and others.

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15
Q

firmware

A

A middle ground between hardware and software, it is a software program that has been written for read-only memory (ROM).

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16
Q

FlexATX

A

Small version of ATX motherboard designed for low-profile or small form factor systems.

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17
Q

form factor

A

Physical size and shape of motherboard, power supply. See www.formfactors.org for specifications for common motherboard and power supply standards.

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18
Q

front-panel connectors

A

Connections on front or side of motherboard for power switch, indicator lights, reset, and other features from the front of the computer.

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19
Q

hardware

A

Objects in a computer that are tangible; can be physically installed or removed.

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20
Q

hardware-assisted virtualization

A

Features in CPU and BIOS that enable virtualization to perform faster.

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21
Q

heat sink

A

Device that draws heat away from a component (CPU, GPU, and memory).

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22
Q

hyperthreading

A

(HT Technology) Intel CPU technology that enables a single processor core to work with two execution threads at the same time.

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23
Q

integrated GPU

A

GPU (graphics processing unit) incorporated in the CPU.

24
Q

integrated I/O ports

A

Ports built in to the motherboard port cluster or internal headers such as parallel, serial, USB, and others.

25
Q

jumper

A

Group of two or three pins on a motherboard or card; used for configuration.

26
Q

jumper block

A

Fits across two jumper pins to enable or disable a feature.

27
Q

Land grid array

A

(LGA) Intel CPU socket technology that uses small metal lands in the CPU socket instead of pins on the CPU.

28
Q

Level 1 (L1) cache

A

Cache memory read by CPU first when new memory information is needed; smallest cache size.

29
Q

Level 2 (L2) cache

A

Cache memory read by CPU if L1 cache does not have wanted information; much larger than L1 cache.

30
Q

Level 3 (L3) cache

A

Cache memory read by CPU if L2 cache does not have wanted information; much larger than L2 cache; used on high-performance CPUs.

31
Q

LGA1155

A

LGA socket used by second- and third-generation Core i-series processors; 1155 lands.

32
Q

LGA1156

A

LGA socket used by first-generation Core i-series processors; 1156 lands.

33
Q

LGA1366

A

LGA socket used by Extreme Core i7 CPUs; 1366 lands.

34
Q

LGA775

A

First LGA socket from Intel; used by late-model Pentium 4, Pentium D, others; 775 lands.

35
Q

liquid cooling

A

Cooling system for CPU, GPU, and other components that replaces air cooling with heat blocks, a heat exchanger, and liquid-filled hoses; used for extreme overclocking.

36
Q

Mini-ITX

A

VIA Tech-originated ultra-compact motherboard design; used in computing appliances (media servers, and so on).

37
Q

motherboard

A

The logical foundation of the computer; all components connect to it.

38
Q

Multicore

A

Processor with two or more cores; some desktop processors have as many as eight cores.

39
Q

overclocking

A

Running CPU, memory, and other components at faster-than normal speeds. May require adjustments to component voltage and improved air cooling or a switch to liquid cooling.

40
Q

passive heat sink

A

Heat sink that relies on outside air flow for cooling.

41
Q

PCI

A

(Peripheral Component Interconnect) 32-bit I/O bus providing a shared 33-MHz or 66-MHz data path between the CPU and peripheral controllers.

42
Q

PCI Express (PCIe)

A

A high-speed set of serial bus communication channels used by adapter cards.

43
Q

PCI-X

A

Workstation/server version of PCI used for network and mass storage cards; provides faster performance than PCI.

44
Q

pin grid array

A

(PGA) CPU socket design in which pins in the rear of the CPU are inserted into holes in socket and clamped into place.

45
Q

Socket 940

A

AMD PGA socket; requires registered memory; 940 pins.

46
Q

Socket AM2

A

AMD PGA socket; supports CPUs with dual-channel DDR2 memory controller; 940 pins.

47
Q

Socket AM2+

A

AMD PGA socket; enhanced version of AM2; supports CPUs with L3 cache; 940 pins.

48
Q

Socket AM3

A

AMD PGA socket; supports CPUs with dual-channel DDR2 or DDR3 memory controller; 941 pins.

49
Q

Socket AM3+

A

AMD PGA socket; supports CPUs with up to eight cores; 942 pins.

50
Q

Socket FM1

A

AMD PGA socket; supports APUs (AMD term for CPU with integrated GPU); 905 pins.

51
Q

software

A

Anything that can be stored electronically, known as data, instructions, programs, or applications.

52
Q

system fan connectors

A

Connectors on the motherboard that provide power and speed monitoring to case fans and sometimes the power supply fan.

53
Q

system lockups

A

System is completely unresponsive; usually caused by overheating leading to corrupted memory contents.

54
Q

utility programs

A

used to keep a computer in good working condition or to set up new devices

55
Q

x64

A

64-bit extension to x86 processor architecture; backward compatible; supports more than 4GB of RAM.

56
Q

x86

A

32-bit processor architecture used by AMD and Intel CPUs.

A+ 220-801 (2 decks)

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