Chapter 1 and 2

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

Study of matter

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 3

Science

Answer 3

Process by which we learn about the natural universe

Question 4

Scientific Method

Answer 4

Organized procedure for learning answers to questions (hypothesis, experimentation, conclusion, etc.)

Question 5

Hypothesis

Answer 5

Testable idea/question

Question 6

Physical Properties

Answer 6

Characteristics that describe the physical state of matter (size, color, shape, etc.)

Question 7

Chemical Properties

Answer 7

Characteristics that describe how matter changes its chemical structure of composition (flammability)

Question 8

Substance

Answer 8

Any sample of matter that has the same physical and chemical properties throughout

Question 9

Element

Answer 9

A substance that cannot be broken down into chemically simpler compounds

Question 10

Atom

Answer 10

Smallest part of an element that maintains the identity of the element

Question 11

Molecule

Answer 11

A set collection of elements that creates distinct properties and is a part of a compound

Question 12

Macroscopic

Answer 12

A view that contains large amounts of atoms/molecules

Question 13

Mixture

Answer 13

Material composed of 2+ substance; combined physically

Question 13

Microscopic

Answer 13

A view that works with few atoms/molecules at a time

Question 14

Heterogeneous Mixture

Answer 14

Combination of 2+ substances obviously different and separable

Question 15

Homogeneous Mixture (Solution)

Answer 15

Acts as a single substance, not obviously (visibly) two substances, consistent composition

Question 16

Phases

Answer 16

Certain form of matter, includes specific set of physical properties

Question 17

Phase Change

Answer 17

A transition of matter from one state to another

Question 18

Quantity

Answer 18

Amount of something, consists of number and unit

Question 19

Number

Answer 19

Tells how much/how many

Question 20

Unit

Answer 20

Tells what the scale of measurement is

Question 21

Scientific Notation

Answer 21

System for expressing very large/very small numbers

Question 22

Power

Answer 22

Exponent

Question 23

Significant Figures

Answer 23

All digits known with certainty and first uncertain/estimated digit

Question 24

Round

Answer 24

Estimating a number to keep within the proper significant digits

Question 25

SI

Answer 25

International system of units

Question 26

Base Units

Answer 26

Fundamental units of SI (meter, kilogram, seconds, mole, kelvin, ampere, candela)

Question 27

Derived Units

Answer 27

Units that come from manipulating the base units mathematically

Question 28

Volume

Answer 28

Amount for space a given substance occupies

Question 29

Energy

Answer 29

Ability to perform work

Question 30

Joule

Answer 30

Measures energy/work (kg x m^2/s^2)

Question 31

Conversion Factor

Answer 31

Fraction with equivalent quantities (numerator and denominator have different units)

Question 32

Exact Numbers

Answer 32

Defined/counted number (not measured); infinite sig figs

Question 33

Chemical Symbol

Answer 33

1/2 letter abbreviation for element names

Question 34

Modern Atomic Theory

Answer 34

States all elements are composed of atoms

Question 35

Electron

Answer 35

Small atomic particle with negative electrical charge

Question 36

Proton

Answer 36

Larger atomic particle, positive charge

Question 37

Neutron

Answer 37

Larger atomic particle, no charge, same size as proton

Question 38

Atomic Number

Answer 38

Number of protons in an atom

Question 39

Isotopes

Answer 39

Atoms of the same element with different number of neutrons

Question 40

Mass Number

Answer 40

Sum of number of protons and neutrons

Question 41

Atomic Mass Units

Answer 41

Unit for mass number

Question 42

Quantum Mechanics

Answer 42

Modern theory of electron behavior (Includes shells, subshells, and the energy of the electrons)

Question 43

Quantized

Answer 43

The certain energy of an electron

Question 44

Shells

Answer 44

Layers of electrons of similar energy

Question 45

Subshells

Answer 45

Set amount of electrons (s, p, d, f), amount for subshells is relative to which number of shell it is

Question 46

Electron Configuration

Answer 46

Shorthand description of arrangements of electrons

Question 47

Valence Shell Electrons

Answer 47

Unstable electrons (often on outer shells), chemically reactive

Question 48

Valence Shell

Answer 48

The outermost shell

Question 49

Core Electrons

Answer 49

Stable electrons (chemically unreactive)

Question 50

Periodic Table

Answer 50

Organization of elements in groups with similar properties

Question 51

Metal

Answer 51

Substance that is shiny, typically silver, malleable, ductile, and highly conductive

Question 52

Nonmetal

Answer 52

Properties similar to both metals and nonmetals

Question 53

Metalloids

Answer 53

Dull, poor conductor, brittle (if solid)

Question 54

Main Group Elements

Answer 54

First 2 and last 6 columns

Question 55

Transition Metals

Answer 55

Block between main group elements

Question 56

Inner Transition Metals

Answer 56

Bottom two rows beneath table (lanthanides and actinides)

Question 57

Lanthanide Metals

Answer 57

Top inner transition metals

Question 58

Actinide Metals

Answer 58

Lower inner transition metals

Question 59

Atomic Radius

Answer 59

How large the atom is, increase with increasing periods and decreases across families)