Chapter 1 Analysis Flashcards
Phonemic Blending
The ability to identify a word by hearing parts of said word
Phonemic Awareness
The ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes)
Homophones
Words with the same pronunciation as another word but has a different meaning (throne and thrown)
5 year old syntax understanding of painting a tree
“This tree was made by me”
Not “me paint” which is a 2 year old developmental language
Correct Syntax
Rules for organizing words into sentences
Pragmatics
Rules for conversation
Telegraphic Speech
Using just enough words to get a meaning across
“Me paint”
2 year old developmental stage
Infant Directed Speech
Baby-talk, parentese, motherese
High pitched tone imitating childlike speech
Best way to talk to a developmental speaker
Speak normally
Recasting, Expanding, Labeling, Echoing
Recasting
Rephrasing what a child has said in a different way
Expanding
Restating in a linguistically correct form
Labeling
Identifying what was said
Echoing
Repeating the one or two word sentence the child had said
Phonics
Relationship between sounds and letters in a language
Why are explicit and systematic instructions good for a child that is struggling with reading development
Solidifies logical and sequential relationships of letters and sounds
What would benefit a student saying “upsing” and “upting” instead of “upsetting
Practice with multisyllabic words
- decoding
- explicit instruction
Not phonics, sound identification is clear
Although students will pass through the same stages of development ——–
they will do so at different times
For gathering information on a students spelling errors like a fourth grader writing “amazzing” and “elcrichen” —–
One should not just add words to the list but administer a spelling inventory to get a better sense of the students challenges and proceed to curb a lesson plan to address the issue resulting from said analysis
First thing to do when you notice a 1st grader is struggling with reading
Don’t call in a specialist right away, first assess the reading and target further instruction to meet the identified skills the student lacks (this should be the first response)
Pronouns
Mounds that substitute nouns
“I” “Me” “It”
Preposition
A word that indicates location
When a pronoun is an object of a prepositions what is it called
Subjective or nomative
Diction Error
Improper word usage: “affect” the verb instead of “effect” the noun
2 Synonyms For “Brainstorming”
Invention, Pre-writing
Definition of classroom intervention when there is a struggle with reading development and what’s the step after that
Diagnose and assess the students reading ability while maintaining record of the students reading behavior. Then you can come up with explicit strategies for intervention
Anthology
A published collection of poems or other writings
Chicago style for a book
Author, italicized title, publisher and date, page numbers
Chicago style for anthology
Author, title of the work in quotes, name of the anthology underlined or italicized, editors name, publisher, year, and then large number
Chicago style for magazine
Author, article title, magazine name, day-month-year, page number
Chicago style for newspaper
Title of news article in quotes, name of the newspaper underlined, day-month-year, section, and page number
Phonemes
A unit or sound that distinguishes on word from another
Pronunciation symbol explanations are found where in an average American dictionary
At the bottom of each page
Literary Periodical
A piece of literary work that is published periodically
Newspaper Editorial
An opinionated piece published in a newspaper
Anthology of essays
Collection of essays
Personification
Giving an object human like qualities
Simile
A “like” “as” comparison
Metaphor
A figure of speech where a word or phrase is applied to an object or action which is not literally applicable
Persona
Constructed character or alter-ego
Protagonist
Hero
Antagonist
Villain
Turning point in a story
Climax
After the climax but before the end
Falling action
Series of events that lead to the greatest point of interest
Rising action
Solution of a problem or the final outcome
Denouement
Ballad
A folk poem in which the language is simple and not often the product of sophisticated writers
Metered poetry
A poem that uses a unit of rhythm, that has a beat
A Sonnet
A poem having fourteen lines
Prose
Written or spoken language in ordinary form, no metric structure
Free Verse
Not rhymed, without, a without a regular metric pattern
Iambic Pentameter
Stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllabus 5 times (5 feet) heart beat five times: daDum daDum daDum daDum daDum
Allegory
A story, poem, or picture that can reveal a hidden meaning
Vantage Point
Position in which something is viewed
Colloquial Language
Language/dialect commonly employed in formal conversation (ie not this)
How to progress early conceptual skills
Print concept
Print concept
Reliable predictor or reading success in kindergarten. Example would be differentiating a letter from a word, identifying the front and back of a book, and identifying where one begins reading on a page
What is having students track print
As a teacher reads, counting the words and explaining how there are empty spaces
Three things that can stall language acquisition
Problems in regards to:
- Mental Growth
- Emotional Growth
- Social Growth
Mental Growth
As a child grows mentally, the ability to retain information is increased
Emotional Growth
Growing compactly to express ones feelings
Social Growth
Learning to interact with others
The “e” at the end word pattern
Noticing that an “e” at the end of a word often makes the latter vowel say it’s name
Reasons the English language is constantly changing
- Modern Technology
- Infusion of foreign languages
- Inclusion if slang expressions
Two ways a writer can increase interest by manipulating time
- Flashbacks
2. Foreshadowing
Analyzing poems
Analyze words, compared and contrast stanzas, look at tenses, identify actions occurring or objects presents and then find relationships between them
