Chapter 1: An Invisible World Flashcards by Alissa Paterson

Which individual observed that if someone got the Athenian plague
they were less likely to get it again?

Marcus Terentius Varro
Socrates
Hippocrates
Thucydides

Thucydides

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Which of the following areas did Louis Pasteur NOT focus on through
his work?

Taxonomy
Vaccination
Pasteurization
Biogenesis

Taxonomy

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Which of the following are most likely to be extremophiles?

Animals
Fungi
Bacteria
Archaea

Archaea

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Eukarya are most closely related to LUCA.

True
False, bacteria are
False, archaea are
False, Eukarya & LUCA are not related

False, Bacteria are most cloeslt related LUCA

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Who is described as the “Father of Western Medicine”?

Pasteur
Koch
Hippocrates
Redi

Hippocrates

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Which of the following are used to determine relationships between organisms?

DNA
RNA
rRNA
All of the above

All of the above

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Who derived a set of postulates to show that a specific bacterium causes a specific disease?

Pasteur
Koch
Hippocrates
Redi

Koch

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Which of the following is the classification, description, identification, and naming of living organisms?

Phylogenetics
Binomial nomenclature
Taxonomy

Taxonomy

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Antonie van Leeuwenhoek described the small organisms he same through a microscope as ___.

Microorganisms
Bugs
Animalcules
Protists

Animalcules

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Robert Koch won a Nobel Prize due to his study of which of the following?

Bacillus anthracis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Vibrio cholerae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Giardia lamblia, Escherichia coli
Vibrio cholerae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Borrelia burgdorferi
Borrelia burgdorferi, Trypanosoma brucei, Echinococcus
granulosus

Bacillus anthracis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Vibrio cholerae

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Yeast fermentation yields which of the following?

Carbohydrates & Gases
Alcohol & Sugars
CO2 & Carbohydrates
Alcohol & CO2

Alcohol & CO2

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The first recorded fermented drink was found in ___.

Australia
China
Egypt
Indonesia

China

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Louis Pasteur provided the final evidence to disprove spontaneous generation.

True or False

True

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Which Domain is most closely related to LUCA?

Eukarya
Archaea
Bacteria

Bacteria

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Which of the follwoing foods is fermented?

Apple Juice
Chocolate Chip Cookies
Bread
Tea

Bread

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Fungi are only multicellular organisms.

True or False

False

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Which of the following is photosynthetic?

Yeast
Virus
Helminth
Alga

Alga

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Which of the following is a correct usage of binomial nomenclature?

Homo Sapiens
homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
Homo Sapiens

Homo sapiens

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Which of the following describes viruses?

Unicellular
Multicellular
Acellular
Granulocellular

Acellular

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Which of the following describes rod-shaped bacteria?

Vibrio
Bacillus
Spirillum
Coccus

Bacillus

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Protists are unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi.

True or False

True

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What domain and kingdom are the helminths found in?

Archaea, Archaebacteria
Eukarya, Protista
Bacteria, Animalia
Eukarya, Animalia

Eukarya, Animalia

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Which of the following is NOT a bacterial shape?

Coccus
Vibrio
Penne
Spirochete

Penne

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Which of the following is NOT true about viruses?

are acelluar
are all pathogenic
have either DNA or RNA genomes
cannot replicate outside a host cell

are all pathogenic

Name at least two fermented foods or beverages.

Name at least one microbe that there is evidence of Otzi the Iceman.

Who is the father of Western Medicine?

Hippocrates

Who first used a microscope to examine animalcules?

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

Name at least two contributions of Louis Pasteur to microbiology.

Name at least two microbes that Robert Koch worked with.

What current domain is LUCA most closely related to?

Bacteria

Which domains contain microorganisms?

All three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

What is one reason that viruses are not considered alice by most scientists?

They are acellular

All viral genomes include both DNA and RNA. True or False

False

The helminth Drancunculus medinensis (the guinea worm) is on its way to being eradicated. True or False

True

Giardia lamblia is a ___. bacterium protist helminth algae

Protist

Helminths are in Kingdom Protistia. True or False

False

Which of the following have a cell wall made of chitin? Bacteria Archaea Algae Fungi

Fungi

Archaea are more closely related to bacteria than eukaryotes. True or False

False

Which of the following Domains contains no known human pathogens? Archaea Bacteria Eukarya

Archaea

Which of the following Domains of life include microorganisms? Bacteria Eukarya Archaea

Bacteria, Eukarya, Archaea

Which of the following describes bacteria with a round shape? Bacillus Coccobacillus Coccus Vibrio

Coccus

Which of the following scientists developed an early verison of how we name organisms with binomial nomenclature? Koch Linnaeus Hippocrates Pasteur

Linnaeus

What does LUCA stand for AND which domain is it most closely related to?

Last universal common ancestor and most closely related to Bacteria

What is the order of organisms classification.

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Canis lupus is the scientific name for wolves. Which of the following would be most closely related to wolves? Equus cabalis Felis silvestris Canis latrans Homo sapiens

Canis latrans

In binomial nomenclature, both of the genus and the species epithets should be capitalized. True or False

False

Which of the following scientists developed vaccines, including a vaccine used in treatment of rabies? Hippocrates Thucydides Pasteur Koch

Pasteur

Which of the following best describes pasteurization? Killing all microbes in a food product Killing most microbes that causes disease and food spoilage

Killing most microbes that causes disease and food spoilage

One of the first fermented beverages was produced by fermenting honey, rice, and fruit. Evidence of this beverage was found in China. True or False

True

Which of the follwoing would NOT be used to make foods like bread, cheese, wine, beer, or pickled vegetables? Yeast Bacteria Viruses

Viruses

There is evidence that Otzi the Iceman may have been infected with Borrelia burgdorferi which cause Lyme disease. True or False

True

What contribution did Hippocrates give to microbiology?

Proposed that diseases have natural causes instead of supernatural causes

What contribution did Thucydides give to microbiology?

Father of scientific history; observed that survivers of the Athenian plague were immune to it

What contribution did Marcus Terentius Varro give to microbiology?

Proposed that diseases could be caused by things we cannot see

What contribution did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek give to microbiology?

Developed simple but powerful microscopes and observed "animalcules"

What contribution did Louis Pasteur give to microbiology?

Proved biogenesis, showed that microbes cause fermentation

What contribution did Robert Koch give to microbiology?

Demonstrated that certain microbes cause specific diseases

What contribution did Carolus Linnaeus give to microbiology?

Development of the binomial nomenclature system