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General Microbiology > Chapter 1: An Invisible World > Flashcards

Chapter 1: An Invisible World Flashcards

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1
Q

Which individual observed that if someone got the Athenian plague
they were less likely to get it again?

Marcus Terentius Varro
Socrates
Hippocrates
Thucydides

A

Thucydides

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2
Q

Which of the following areas did Louis Pasteur NOT focus on through
his work?

Taxonomy
Vaccination
Pasteurization
Biogenesis

A

Taxonomy

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3
Q

Which of the following are most likely to be extremophiles?

Animals
Fungi
Bacteria
Archaea

A

Archaea

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4
Q

Eukarya are most closely related to LUCA.

True
False, bacteria are
False, archaea are
False, Eukarya & LUCA are not related

A

False, Bacteria are most cloeslt related LUCA

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5
Q

Who is described as the “Father of Western Medicine”?

Pasteur
Koch
Hippocrates
Redi

A

Hippocrates

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6
Q

Which of the following are used to determine relationships between organisms?

DNA
RNA
rRNA
All of the above

A

All of the above

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7
Q

Who derived a set of postulates to show that a specific bacterium causes a specific disease?

Pasteur
Koch
Hippocrates
Redi

A

Koch

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8
Q

Which of the following is the classification, description, identification, and naming of living organisms?

Phylogenetics
Binomial nomenclature
Taxonomy

A

Taxonomy

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9
Q

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek described the small organisms he same through a microscope as ___.

Microorganisms
Bugs
Animalcules
Protists

A

Animalcules

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10
Q

Robert Koch won a Nobel Prize due to his study of which of the following?

Bacillus anthracis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Vibrio cholerae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Giardia lamblia, Escherichia coli
Vibrio cholerae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Borrelia burgdorferi
Borrelia burgdorferi, Trypanosoma brucei, Echinococcus
granulosus

A

Bacillus anthracis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Vibrio cholerae

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11
Q

Yeast fermentation yields which of the following?

Carbohydrates & Gases
Alcohol & Sugars
CO2 & Carbohydrates
Alcohol & CO2

A

Alcohol & CO2

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12
Q

The first recorded fermented drink was found in ___.

Australia
China
Egypt
Indonesia

A

China

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13
Q

Louis Pasteur provided the final evidence to disprove spontaneous generation.

True or False

A

True

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14
Q

Which Domain is most closely related to LUCA?

Eukarya
Archaea
Bacteria

A

Bacteria

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15
Q

Which of the follwoing foods is fermented?

Apple Juice
Chocolate Chip Cookies
Bread
Tea

A

Bread

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16
Q

Fungi are only multicellular organisms.

True or False

A

False

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17
Q

Which of the following is photosynthetic?

Yeast
Virus
Helminth
Alga

A

Alga

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18
Q

Which of the following is a correct usage of binomial nomenclature?

Homo Sapiens
homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
Homo Sapiens

A

Homo sapiens

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19
Q

Which of the following describes viruses?

Unicellular
Multicellular
Acellular
Granulocellular

A

Acellular

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20
Q

Which of the following describes rod-shaped bacteria?

Vibrio
Bacillus
Spirillum
Coccus

A

Bacillus

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21
Q

Protists are unicellular eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, animals, or fungi.

True or False

A

True

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22
Q

What domain and kingdom are the helminths found in?

Archaea, Archaebacteria
Eukarya, Protista
Bacteria, Animalia
Eukarya, Animalia

A

Eukarya, Animalia

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23
Q

Which of the following is NOT a bacterial shape?

Coccus
Vibrio
Penne
Spirochete

A

Penne

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24
Q

Which of the following is NOT true about viruses?

are acelluar
are all pathogenic
have either DNA or RNA genomes
cannot replicate outside a host cell

A

are all pathogenic

25
Q

Name at least two fermented foods or beverages.

A
26
Q

Name at least one microbe that there is evidence of Otzi the Iceman.

A
27
Q

Who is the father of Western Medicine?

A

Hippocrates

28
Q

Who first used a microscope to examine animalcules?

A

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

29
Q

Name at least two contributions of Louis Pasteur to microbiology.

A
30
Q

Name at least two microbes that Robert Koch worked with.

A
31
Q

What current domain is LUCA most closely related to?

A

Bacteria

32
Q

Which domains contain microorganisms?

A

All three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

33
Q

What is one reason that viruses are not considered alice by most scientists?

A

They are acellular

34
Q

All viral genomes include both DNA and RNA.

True or False

A

False

35
Q

The helminth Drancunculus medinensis (the guinea worm) is on its way to being eradicated.

True or False

A

True

36
Q

Giardia lamblia is a ___.

bacterium
protist
helminth
algae

A

Protist

37
Q

Helminths are in Kingdom Protistia.

True or False

A

False

38
Q

Which of the following have a cell wall made of chitin?

Bacteria
Archaea
Algae
Fungi

A

Fungi

39
Q

Archaea are more closely related to bacteria than eukaryotes.

True or False

A

False

40
Q

Which of the following Domains contains no known human pathogens?

Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya

A

Archaea

41
Q

Which of the following Domains of life include microorganisms?

Bacteria
Eukarya
Archaea

A

Bacteria, Eukarya, Archaea

42
Q

Which of the following describes bacteria with a round shape?

Bacillus
Coccobacillus
Coccus
Vibrio

A

Coccus

43
Q

Which of the following scientists developed an early verison of how we name organisms with binomial nomenclature?

Koch
Linnaeus
Hippocrates
Pasteur

A

Linnaeus

44
Q

What does LUCA stand for AND which domain is it most closely related to?

A

Last universal common ancestor and most closely related to Bacteria

45
Q

What is the order of organisms classification.

A

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

46
Q

Canis lupus is the scientific name for wolves. Which of the following would be most closely related to wolves?

Equus cabalis
Felis silvestris
Canis latrans
Homo sapiens

A

Canis latrans

47
Q

In binomial nomenclature, both of the genus and the species epithets should be capitalized.

True or False

A

False

48
Q

Which of the following scientists developed vaccines, including a vaccine used in treatment of rabies?

Hippocrates
Thucydides
Pasteur
Koch

A

Pasteur

49
Q

Which of the following best describes pasteurization?

Killing all microbes in a food product
Killing most microbes that causes disease and food spoilage

A

Killing most microbes that causes disease and food spoilage

50
Q

One of the first fermented beverages was produced by fermenting honey, rice, and fruit. Evidence of this beverage was found in China.

True or False

A

True

51
Q

Which of the follwoing would NOT be used to make foods like bread, cheese, wine, beer, or pickled vegetables?

Yeast
Bacteria
Viruses

A

Viruses

52
Q

There is evidence that Otzi the Iceman may have been infected with Borrelia burgdorferi which cause Lyme disease.

True or False

A

True

53
Q

What contribution did Hippocrates give to microbiology?

A

Proposed that diseases have natural causes instead of supernatural causes

54
Q

What contribution did Thucydides give to microbiology?

A

Father of scientific history; observed that survivers of the Athenian plague were immune to it

55
Q

What contribution did Marcus Terentius Varro give to microbiology?

A

Proposed that diseases could be caused by things we cannot see

56
Q

What contribution did Antonie van Leeuwenhoek give to microbiology?

A

Developed simple but powerful microscopes and observed “animalcules”

57
Q

What contribution did Louis Pasteur give to microbiology?

A

Proved biogenesis, showed that microbes cause fermentation

58
Q

What contribution did Robert Koch give to microbiology?

A

Demonstrated that certain microbes cause specific diseases

59
Q

What contribution did Carolus Linnaeus give to microbiology?

A

Development of the binomial nomenclature system

General Microbiology (5 decks)

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