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Linux Essentials > Chapter 1: An Introduction To Linux > Flashcards

Chapter 1: An Introduction To Linux Flashcards

1
Q

All OS provide what 5 key functions in a computer system?

A

Axemen Handcuffed Drones Since Swans Chanted.

  1. Application Platform - A Platform where apps can run, managing their access to the CPU and system memory.
  2. Hardware Moderator - Servers as a mediator between running apps and the system hardware.
  3. Data Storage - OS is also responsible for providing an efficient and reliable means to store info
  4. Security - Responsible for providing a degree of security
  5. Connectivity - The OS manages connectivity between computer systems using a variety of network media interfaces. (Bluetooth, WiFi), mobile broadband.
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2
Q

Linux OS is composed of what?

A
  1. Kernel - The heart of Linux. Actual OS itself.
  2. Libraries - Prewritten code elements that appliction programmer can use in their programs.
  3. Utililities - Use them to complete OS managemnet tasks (maintainin the file system, editing text files, managing running processes)
  4. Interface - GUI
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3
Q

Linus Torvald

A
  • Developed the linux kernel
  • 1991 - Delevoped hs own UNIX clone which was LINUX
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4
Q

Andrew Tanenbaum

A
  • Developed Minux as a clone of Unix after the Unix source code wanst made available in the 80s.
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5
Q

How Most Commercial Software Products are Created

A
  1. The organization identifies a customer need.
  2. A design team is put together.
  3. They hash out product requirement document (PRD), that specify what the product will do.
  4. The tasks identified in the PRD are assigned to teams of programmers who write their assigned code elements
  5. When complete, the code is checked in and the product is run through a series of testing cycles
  6. After bugs are taken care of, the final product is shipped to the customer.
  7. The customer uses it and usually identifies bugs.
  8. The software company gets the feedback and the cycle restarts.
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6
Q

GNUS’s Not Unix (Richhard Stallman)

A

Centered on the idea that the source code for apps and operating systems should be freely distributable to anyone who wants it. SOftware developed under GNU is frequently referred to as Free Software. A variation of this is open source software.

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7
Q

GPL (General Public License)

A

The GPL requires that the source code remian freely available to anyone who wants it

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8
Q

A Distrobution?

A

Like ice cream. The base recipe is the same, but different ingredients are added (specialized tools, utilities, and applications)

Many different developers have taken the basic Linux kernel and modified it to suit some particular purpose. They may have also bundled many powerful apps with it.

  • openSUSE
  • Ubuntu
  • Fedora
  • Red Hat
  • Oracle
  • Knoppix
  • Debian
  • Mandriva
  • Gentoo
  • Slackware
  • CentOS
  • Scientific
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9
Q

Lifecycle of a Distro

A
  • Design - Phase where the gola/purpose of the distro is idntfieid, features or functions are defined, and roles are assigned.
  • Develop
  • Deploy
  • Manage
  • Retire
  • Developers don’t typically wait for the retirement of a distro before releaseing a new one, so its possible for multiple version of a given distro to be supported at the same time.
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10
Q

OS Needs Assesment

A

The Process of determining why the deployment is undertaken, what outcomes are expected, and when it is expected to be complete

What are the goals of th deployment?

Who are the stakeholders in this project?

When is the system needeed?

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11
Q

Selecting a Distro

A
  • Will it be a workstation or a server?
  • Does the distribution offer support?
  • Will the applications you need run on the distrobution?
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12
Q

Linux on the Desktop

A
  • Linux can be optimized to function extremely well as a desktop system, but it has been slow to make inroads into this market
    • There has been a lack of desktop productivity applications avalabe for linux
    • The fact that the average end user tend to find Linux intimidating,
    • Linux on a desktop is less prone to viruses
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13
Q

Linux on the Server

A
  • File Server- NFS (Network File System)
  • Print Server - CUPS
  • DB Server - MySQL, MariaDB, NoSQL, and PostgresSQL
  • Web Server - APache
  • E-mail Server
  • Its VERY stable. Rarley crashes
  • Linux servers are very fast
  • Less Expensive to own
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14
Q

Embedded Linux

A

Android is a modified Linux distro that sis designed to be embedded within the hardware itself.

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15
Q

Virtualization

A

Virtualization pools multiple operating system instances on the same physical hardware and allows them to run concurrently. To do this, a hypyervisor is used as a mediator to manage access to system resources

Each operating system instance is installed into a virtual machine instead of physical hardware.

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16
Q

Benefits of Virtualization

A
  • It uses system resources more efficiently.
  • It allows multiple platforms to run at the same time on the same hardware including Windows and Linux.
  • Allows us to implement thin clients in our organization.
    • You can run multiple desktops on the same virtualization server. All of our end user desktops are provided as virtual machines on this server, which saves money because it allows us to deploy very minimal, low-end workstations for our users.
  • XEN
  • VMware ESX and ESXi
    • When any of these are installed, you turn your Linux System in to an HV that can rum VMs
17
Q

What is cloud computing?

A
  • The hard ware, software, and network resources, that we historically implemented locally on-site are moved off site and delivered over a network connection.
18
Q

Cloud Computing Models

A
  • Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) - A provider on the Internet could deploy a new Linux Vm on an HV at their site, which you could use after paying a fee. The provider assumes all the costs of implementing, maintaining and protecting the server.
  • Software as a Service(SaaS) - Provides access to software and data through the cloud.
  • Network as a Service (NaaS) - Provides network connectivity through the cloud.
  • Storage as a Service (STaaS) - Provides access to storage devices through the cloud.
  • Desktop as a Service (DaaS) - Provides access to desktop OSs through the cloud.
  • Platform as a Service (PaaS) - Provides Access to a full solution suite to accomplish computing task, including networking, infrastructure, storage, and software.

Linux Essentials (1 decks)

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