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Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 1 - An Introduction To Anatomy And Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - An Introduction To Anatomy And Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Biology

A

The study of life

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2
Q

Organization

A

Characteristic pattern

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3
Q

Responsiveness (irritability)

A

Organisms respond to changes in their immediate environment

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4
Q

Growth and differentiation

A

Cells become specialized to perform particular functions

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5
Q

Reproduction

A

Organisms reproduce, creating subsequent generations of similar organisms.

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6
Q

Movement (internal)

A

Transporting food, blood, or other materials inside the body.

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7
Q

Movement (external)

A

Moving through the environment

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8
Q

Metabolism

A

All the chemical operations under way in the body

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9
Q

Nutrients

A

Materials from the environment used for growth and maintenance

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10
Q

Respiration

A

Absorption, transport, and use of oxygen by cells.

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11
Q

Excretion

A

The process of metabolic operations generate unneeded or potentially harmful waste products that must be removed from body fluids

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12
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of internal and external structures of the body and the physical relationships among body parts.

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13
Q

Physiology

A

The study of how organisms perform their vital functions

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14
Q

Cytology

A

The analysis of the structure of individual cells

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15
Q

Histology

A

The examination of tissues

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16
Q

What makes organs?

A

Tissues combine to form organs

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17
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

Examination of relatively large structures and features usually visible with the unaided eye

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18
Q

Surface anatomy

A

The study of general form and superficial markings

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19
Q

Regional anatomy

A

Focused on the anatomical organization of specific areas of the body, such as the head, neck, or trunk.

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20
Q

Systematic anatomy

A

Study of the structure of organ systems

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21
Q

Organ systems

A

Groups of organs that function together in a coordinated manner

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22
Q

Developmental anatomy

A

Deals with the changes in form that occur during the period between conception and physical maturity

23
Q

Embryology

A

Study of early developmental processes

24
Q

Medical anatomy

A

Anatomical features that change during illness

25
Q

Radiographic anatomy

A

Anatomical structures as seen by using specialized imaging techniques

26
Q

Surgical anatomy

A

Anatomical landmarks important in surgery

27
Q

Scientific method

A

Logical sequence

28
Q

Human physiology

A

The study of the fictions of the human body

29
Q

Cell physiology

A

The study of the functions of cells

30
Q

Special physiology

A

The study of the physiology of specific organs

31
Q

Cardiac physiology

A

The study of the heart function

32
Q

Systematic physiology

A

Includes all aspects of the function of specific organ systems

33
Q

Pathological physiology

A

The study of the effects of disease on organ it system functions

34
Q

Chemical/Molecular level

A

Atoms, the smallest stable units of matter, can combine to form molecules with complex shapes

35
Q

Cellular level

A

Molecules interact to form organelles

36
Q

Tissue level

A

Group of cells working together to perform one or more specific functions

37
Q

Organ level

A

Two or more tissues working in combination to perform several functions

38
Q

Organ System Level

A

Organs interacting together

39
Q

Organism level

A

All organ systems of the body work together to maintain life and health

40
Q

Homeostasis

A

The existence of a stable internal environment

41
Q

Integumentary system

A

Protects against environmental hazards; helps control body temperature

42
Q

Skeletal System

A

Provides support; protects tissues; stores materials; forms blood

43
Q

Muscular system

A

Allows for locomotion; provides support; produces heat

44
Q

Nervous system

A

Directs immediate responses to stimuli, usually by coordinating the activities of other organ systems

45
Q

Endocrine system

A

Directs long-term changes in activities of other organ systems

46
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Transports cells and dissolved materials, including nutrients, wastes, and gases.

47
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Defends against infection and disease; returns tissue fluid to the blood stream.

48
Q

Respiratory system

A

Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur between the air and circulating blood

49
Q

Digestive system

A

Processed food and absorbs nutrients

50
Q

Urinary systems

A

Eliminates excess water, salts, and waste products

51
Q

Reproductive system

A

Produces sex cells and hormones

52
Q

Homeostatic regulation

A

Adjustment of physiology system to preserve homeostasis

53
Q

Autoregulation (intrinsic regulation)

A

Occurs when the activities of a cell, tissues, organ, or organ system adjust automatically in response to some environmental change.

Anatomy & Physiology (7 decks)

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