Chapter 1- Addiction

Question 0

Addiction

Answer 0

Compulsion to use alcohol or other drugs despite negative consequences of use.

Question 1

Psychoactive Drugs

Answer 1

Alters the normal functioning of the central nervous system.

Question 2

Chemical Dependency

Answer 2

Describes addiction to alcohol and/or other drugs and to differentiate this type of addiction with non-chemical addictions.

Question 3

Dependence

Answer 3

A recurrent or ongoing need to use alcohol or other drugs

Question 4

Psychological Dependence

Answer 4

The need to use a drug to feel better about ones self and to think, feel, and function normally.

Question 5

Physical Dependence

Answer 5

The tissues if the body require the presence of alcohol and/or other drugs to function normally.

Question 6

Protracted Withdrawl

Answer 6

The flashback or recurrence of addiction withdrawal symptoms that trigger heavy craving for a drug long after detoxification.

Question 7

AOD

Answer 7

Alcohol and Other Drugs

Question 8

Psychotropic Drugs

Answer 8

Drugs that are used to treat mental illness.

• Zoloft
• Wellbutrin
• Zyprexa

Question 9

Tolerance

Answer 9

Requirement for increasing quantities or dosages of a drug to achieve the desired effect.

Question 10

Cross-tolerance

Answer 10

Accompanying tolerance to other drugs from the same pharmacological group.

Question 11

Behavioral tolerance

Answer 11

The adjustments the brain makes in behavior to cope with the effects of the drug.

Question 12

Reverse Tolerance

Answer 12

Occurs when smaller quantities of the drug produce the same effects as did previously larger doses. (Due to widespread physical damage).

Question 13

Illicit drugs

Answer 13

Illegal drugs

• heroin
• marijuana
• cocaine
• hallucinogens
• club drugs (ecstasy)

Question 14

Licit Drugs

Answer 14

Legal drugs.

• alcohol
• nicotine
• caffeine

Question 15

Instrumental Use

Answer 15

Person is taking drug with a specific, socially approved goal in mind.

• stay awake longer
• recover from illness
• sleep better

Question 16

Recreational Use

Answer 16

The person is tKing the drug only to get “high” or achieve some pleasurable effect.

Question 17

Drug Misuse

Answer 17

Cases in which a prescription or over the counter drug is used inappropriately.

• increase/decrease dose beyond prescription
• combining with other drugs
• sharing with family

Question 18

Toxicity

Answer 18

Physical or psychological harm that a drug may cause a user.

Question 19

Acute Toxicity

Answer 19

There is a possibility that the short term effect of a drug will trigger a toxic reaction. (Occurs immediately or soon after the drug is ingested.)

Question 20

Chronic Toxicity

Answer 20

The physical or psychological harm that a drug may cause a user over a period of time.

Question 21

Dose

Answer 21

The quantity of a drug that is taken into the body.

Question 22

Effective Dose(ED)

Answer 22

The minimal dose of a particular drug necessary to produce the intended drug effect in a given percentage of the population.

Question 23

Lethal Dose(LD)

Answer 23

The minimal dose of a particular drug capable of causing death in a given percentage of the population.

Question 24

Therapeutic Index(TI)

Answer 24

A measure of a drugs relative safety for use.

Question 25

Routes of administration from the most rapid to the slowest

Answer 25

- Inhaling - Injecting - Snorting and Mucosal Exposure - Oral Ingestion - Contact and Transdermal Absorption

Question 26

Inhaling

Answer 26

Allows the drug to enter the lungs, heart, and then the brain.

Question 27

Injecting

Answer 27

Puts the drug directly into a vein, into muscles, or under the skin.

Question 28

Snorting and Mucosal Exposure

Answer 28

Drugs which are snorted are absorbed through mucous membranes in the nasal passages.

Question 29

Oral Ingestion

Answer 29

Drugs that pass into the stomach then the small intestine where they are absorbed by capillaries in intestinal walls.

Question 30

Contact and Transdermal Absorption

Answer 30

Exposure to drugs like LSD into the system through the eye or nicotine through patches next to skin.

Question 31

Defense Mechanisms

Answer 31

- denial - regression - projection - reaction formation - repression - displacement

Question 32

Defense Mechanisms(2)

Answer 32

- Intellectualization - rationalization - sublimation - compensation

Question 33

Denial

Answer 33

Refusal to accept reality or fact, acting as if painful event, thought, or feeling did not exist.

Question 34

Regression

Answer 34

The reversion to an earlier stage of development in the face of unacceptable thoughts or impulses.

Question 35

Projection

Answer 35

The misattribution of a persons undesired thoughts, feelings, or impulses onto another person who does not have these thoughts, feelings, or impulses.

Question 36

Reaction formulation

Answer 36

The converting of unwanted or dangerous thoughts, feelings, or impulses into their opposites. -fear is displayed as happy and calm.

Question 37

Repression

Answer 37

The unconscious blocking of unacceptable thoughts, feelings, and impulses.

Question 38

Displacement

Answer 38

Taking out your feelings, thoughts, and impulses meant for one person, on another person.

Question 39

Intellectualization

Answer 39

Instead of dealing with painful associated emotions, and individual distances oneself from the impulse, event, or behavior.

Question 40

Rationalization

Answer 40

To offer a different explanation for ones perceptions or behaviors.

Question 41

Sublimation

Answer 41

The channeling of unacceptable impulses, thoughts, and emotions into more acceptable ones.

Question 42

Compensation

Answer 42

A process of psychologically counterbalancing perceived weaknesses by emphasizing strength in other areas.

Question 43

The Moral Model of Addiction

Answer 43

Addiction is a consequence of personal choice. | -Individuals are viewed as deciding to use AOD in a problematic manner and being capable of making other choices.