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ANATOMY > chapter 1: a first look at anatomy > Flashcards

chapter 1: a first look at anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

the study of structure

A

anatomy

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2
Q

the scientific discipline that studies the functions of body structures

A

physiology

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3
Q

examines structures that cannot be viewed by the unaided eye

A

microscopic anatomy

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4
Q

investigates the structure and relationships of large body parts that are visible to the unaided eye

A

gross anatomy // macroscopic anatomy

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5
Q

study of single body cells and their internal structures

A

cytology

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6
Q

the study of tissues

A

histology

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7
Q

examines the similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species

A

comparative anatomy

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8
Q

investigates the changes in structure within an individual from conception thru maturity

A

developmental anatomy

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9
Q

concerned specifically w developmental changes prior to birth

A

embryology

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10
Q

examines all the structures in a particular region in the body as one complete unit

A

regional anatomy

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11
Q

examines both superficial anatomic markings and internal body structures as they relate to the skin covering them

A

surface anatomy

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12
Q

studies gross anatomy of each system in the body

A

systemic anatomy

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13
Q

examines all anatomic change resulting from disease

A

pathologic anatomy

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14
Q

studies the relationships among internal structures that may be visualized by specific medical imaging procedures

A

radiographic anatomy

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15
Q

investigates the anatomic landmarks used before and after surgery

A

surgical anatomy

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16
Q

simplest level that involves atoms and molecules

A

chemical level

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17
Q

the smallest units of matter

A

atoms

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18
Q

when 2 or more atoms combine they form a ____

A

molecule

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19
Q

serve as basic units of structure and function in organisms

A

cells

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20
Q

level in which similar cells w common function form

A

tissue level

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21
Q

precise organizations of similar cells that perform specialized functions

A

tissues

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22
Q

different tissue types combine to form an organ at this level

A

organ level

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23
Q

level that consists of related organs that work together

A

organ system level

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24
Q

highest level of structural organization in the body

A

organismal level

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25
Q

a regulatory system that controls body movement, responds to sensory stimuli, and helps control all other systems of the body

A

nervous system

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26
Q

consists of the glands and cell clusters that secrete hormones, some of which regulate body and cellular growth, chem levels in the body, and reproductive functions

A

endocrine system

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27
Q

consists of the heart, blood, and blood vessels

A

cardiovascular system

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28
Q

transports and filters lymph and initiates an immune response when necessary

A

lymphatic system

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29
Q

responsible for exchange of gases between blood and air in lungs

A

respiratory system

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30
Q

mechanically and chemically digests food materials, absorbs nutrients, and expels waste products

A

digestive system

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31
Q

filters the blood and removes waste products from the blood, concentrates waste products in the form of urine, expels urine from the body

A

urinary system

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32
Q

produces male sex cells and male hormones, transfers sperm to female

A

male reproductive system

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33
Q

produces female sex cells and female hormones, receives sperm from male, site of fertilization of oocyte, site of growth and development of embryo and fetus

A

female reproductive system

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34
Q

organization, metabolism, growth/development, responsiveness, adaptation, regulation, reproduction

A

characteristics common to all organisms

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35
Q

provides protection, regulates body temp, site of cutaneous receptors, synthesizes vit D, prevents water loss

A

integumentary system

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36
Q

provides support and protection, site of hemopoiesis, stores calcium and phosphorus, provides sites for muscle attachments

A

skeletal system

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37
Q

produces body movement, generates heat when muscles contract

A

muscular system

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38
Q

position where individual stands upright w feet parallel and flat on floor

A

anatomical position

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39
Q

vertical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts

A

coronal plane

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40
Q

cuts perpendicularly along long axis of body or organ

A

transverse plane / cross sectional plane / horizontal plane

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41
Q

extends through body or organ vertically and divides the structure into right and left halves

A

midsagittal plane / median plane

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42
Q

plane that is parallel to midsagittal plane but either to the left or right

A

sagittal plane

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43
Q

in front of; toward front surface

A

anterior

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44
Q

in back of; toward back surface

A

posterior

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45
Q

at back side of human body

A

dorsal

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46
Q

at belly side of human body

A

ventral

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47
Q

closer to the head

A

superior

48
Q

closer to feet

A

inferior

49
Q

at rear or tail end

A

caudal

50
Q

at head end

A

cranial

51
Q

toward nose

A

rostral

52
Q

toward midline of body

A

medial

53
Q

away from midline of body

A

lateral

54
Q

on same side

A

ipsilateral

55
Q

on opposite side

A

contalateral

56
Q

on the inside

A

deep / internal

57
Q

on the outside

A

superficial / external

58
Q

closest to point of attachment to trunk

A

proximal

59
Q

furthest from point of attachment to trunk

A

distal

60
Q

region that includes head, neck, trunk

A

axial region

61
Q

region that includes limbs

A

appendicular region

62
Q

cephalic

A

head

63
Q

frontal

A

forehead

64
Q

orbital

A

eye

65
Q

nasal

A

nose

66
Q

oral

A

mouth

67
Q

cervical

A

neck

68
Q

buccal

A

cheek

69
Q

mental

A

chin

70
Q

deltoid

A

shoulder

71
Q

axillary

A

armpit

72
Q

sternal

A

sternum

73
Q

pectoral

A

chest

74
Q

mammary

A

breast

75
Q

brachial

A

arm

76
Q

antecubital

A

front of elbow

77
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

78
Q

coxal

A

hip

79
Q

carpal

A

wrist

80
Q

palmar

A

palm

81
Q

digital

A

finger

82
Q

femoral

A

thigh

83
Q

patellar

A

kneecap

84
Q

crural

A

leg

85
Q

pes

A

foot

86
Q

tarsal

A

ankle

87
Q

olecranal

A

elbow

88
Q

gluteal

A

butt

89
Q

popliteal

A

back of knee

90
Q

sural

A

calf

91
Q

calcaneal

A

heel

92
Q

plantar

A

sole of foot

93
Q

auricular

A

ear

94
Q

occipital

A

back of head

95
Q

tibial

A

medial aspect of leg

96
Q

ulnar

A

medial aspect of forearm

97
Q

cavity formed by cranium, houses brain

A

cranial cavity

98
Q

formed by individual bones of vertebral column, contains spinal cord

A

vertebral canal

99
Q

arises from a space called coelom that forms during embryonic development

A

ventral cavity

100
Q

covers external surface of organs

A

visceral layer

101
Q

2 layered serous membrane that encloses heart

A

pericardium

102
Q

median space in the thoracic cavity

A

mediastinum

103
Q

outermost layer that forms sac around heart

A

parietal pericardium

104
Q

forms hearts external surface

A

visceral pericardium

105
Q

potential space between parietal and visceral pericardia

A

pericardial cavity

106
Q

narrow, moist potential space between parietal and visceral layers

A

pleural cavity

107
Q

superior to an imaginary line drawn between superior aspects of the hip bones

A

abdominal cavity

108
Q

inferior to an imaginary line drawn between superior aspects of the hip bones

A

pelvic cavity

109
Q

a moist 2 layered serous membrane that lines abdominopelvic cavity

A

peritoneum

110
Q

the superior region in the middle column

contains part of liver, part of stomach, duodenum, part of pancreas, both adrenal glands

A

epigastric region

111
Q

middle region in middle column

contains transverse colon, part of small intestine, branches of blood vessels to lower limbs

A

umbilical region

112
Q

inferior region in middle column

contains part of small intestine, urinary bladder, sigmoid colon of the large intestine

A

hypogastric region

113
Q

superior regions lateral to the epigastric region

A

right and left hypochondriac regions

114
Q

middle regions lateral to umbilical region

A

right and left lumbar regions

115
Q

inferior regions lateral to hypogastric region

A

right and left iliac regions

116
Q

diagnostic method that involves listening to sounds produced by various body structures

A

auscultation

117
Q

using hands to detect organs, masses, or infiltration of a body part during exam

A

palpation

ANATOMY (26 decks)

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