Chapter 1 Flashcards
Communication
exchange of ideas, information, desires and needs between a sender and a receiver. It has verbal and non verbal components
Language
socially shared code, and a learned behavior representing concepts by using arbitrary symbols
Systematic Language
combination of parts that form a complex whole. These are put together in predictable ways
Language uses…..
rules, symbols (written, spoken, signed), that are all arbitrary
Arbitrary
no relationship between the symbols and what they represent
Conventional
rules we follow and the symbols we use are determined by general agreements and accept usage
How many aspects of language are there, and what are they?
- phonology, semantics, morphology, syntax, pragmatics
1.Phonology
the sound system for language ~speech sounds
2.Semantics
the meaning of words and word combinations. (I wave to my friend, I see a wave in the ocean)
3.Morphology
the smallest unit of meaning~ free and bound.
4.Syntax
the grammar of language~ how words are combined
5.Pragmatics
the social use of language (yelling, commenting, stating)
Speech
acoustic representation of language
Articulation
speech sound formation
Fluency
smooth, forward flow of communication
Voice
quality of the speech
How Many Extralinguistic Aspects of Speech, and what are they?
- paralinguistic, nonlinguistic, metalinguistic
1.paralinguistic
intonation, rate, stress, pausing (Suprasegmentals)
2.nonlinguistic
gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, body movements (Proxemics)
3.metalinguistic
talk about, analyze, think about, judge language
Suprasegmentals
I WANT you to do this/ I want YOU to do this
Proxemics
amount of personal space between others
Dialect
systematic variations in the production of language that occur in an identifiable subgroup
Phonological
accents
Lexical
particular vocabularies
Syntactical
different grammar use
True or False: We change a person’s dialect.
False
Communicative Competence
~speakers behavior must be related to topic
~must have an effect on the listeners behavior
~must make adjustments to their message when first
two aren’t met
