Chapter 1

Question 1

Superior (cranial)

Answer 1

Towards the head

Question 2

Inferior

Answer 2

Below, or toward the feet

Question 3

Dorsal

Posterior

Answer 3

On or toward the back

Question 4

Ventral

Anterior

Answer 4

On or toward the front side

Question 5

Medial

Answer 5

Toward the middle

Question 6

Lateral

Answer 6

Away from the body’s midline

Question 7

Bilateral

Answer 7

Distributed on both sides of the body

Ex- the kidneys are bilateral

Question 8

Ipsilateral

Answer 8

On the same side of the body midline

Ex- right lung and kidney are ipsilateral

Question 9

Contralateral

Answer 9

On the opposite side of the body midline

Ex- the right brain hemisphere controls contralateral limbs

Question 10

Proximal

Answer 10

Toward the site of attachment

Ex- elbow is proximal to wrist

Question 11

Distal

Answer 11

Away from site of attachment

Ex- the wrist is distal to be elbow

Question 12

Superficial

Answer 12

Toward the body of the surface

Question 13

Deep

Answer 13

Toward the inside of the body

Question 14

Rostral

Answer 14

Toward nose or mouth

Ex- the cranium is rostral to the spinal cord

Question 15

Caudal

Answer 15

Toward the tail end

Question 16

Cephalic

Answer 16

Referring to the head

Question 17

Arthoscopy

Answer 17

Joint

Question 18

Bronchoscopy

Answer 18

Trachea and conducting airways of the lungs

Question 19

Colonoscopy

Answer 19

Entire length of the large intestine and colon

Question 20

Cystoscopy

Answer 20

Urinary bladder

Question 21

Gastroscopy

Answer 21

Stomach and initial segment of the small intestine

Question 22

Laparoscopy

Answer 22

All organs and structures of the abdominopelvic cavity

Question 23

Neuroendoscopy

Answer 23

Brain

Question 24

Thoracoscopy

Answer 24

External view of the lungs and heart

Question 25

Sagittal plane

Answer 25

Left/right

Question 26

Transverse

Answer 26

(Horizontal)

Top/bottom

Question 27

Coronal

Answer 27

Front/back