Chapter 1

Question 1

Def’n of “nutrition”

Answer 1

The nutrients and other biologically active compounds in foods and in the body, sometimes also related to human behaviors related to food

Question 2

Def’n of “diet”

Answer 2

The foods and beverages a person usually eats and drinks

Question 3

Def’n of “food

Answer 3

Any substance the body can take in and assimilate, enabling it to stay alive and healthy. Also a carrier of nutrients

Question 4

Def’n of Health

Answer 4

The state of a human when it finctions optimally without disease or abnormality

Question 5

Can Cancer be prevented by diet?

Answer 5

Somewhat - largely genetics

Question 6

Can Down Syndrome be prevented by diet?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

Diabetes be prevented by diet?

Answer 7

Largely - somewhat genetics

Question 8

Can Iron deficiency (anemia) be prevented by diet?

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

Def’n of “nutrients”

Answer 9

Components in food that are essential to the function of the body; They provide energy, building material, help maintain or repair the body, and support growth

Question 10

Energy providing nutrients are:

Answer 10

Carbs, fat, and protein

Question 11

Non-energy providing nutrients are:

Answer 11

Water, vitamins, and minerals

Question 12

Def’n of “essential nutrients”

Answer 12

The nutrients the body can not make for itself, must be obtained through foods

Question 13

Def’n of “conditionally essential nutrients”

Answer 13

The nutrients the body can not make enough for itself to meet the requirements for health

Question 14

8 Essential Amino Acids

Answer 14

TV TILL PM:

Threonine, Valine, Tryptophan, Isoleucine, Leucine, Lysine, Phenylalanine, & Methionine

Question 15

Essential Fatty Acids

Answer 15

Linolenic acid & linoleic acid

Question 16

Essential vitamins

Answer 16

A, E, D (fat soluble) & K (conditional) all these are water soluble

Question 17

Calorie values of energy yielding nutrients

Answer 17

Carbs: 4 Cal/g
Protein: 4 Cal/g
Fat (lipid): 9 Cal/9

Question 18

25 grams of Crispers have 1.4 grams of protein, 5.5 grams of fat, 17 grams of carbs and 123 calories. Calculate the % of calories from fat and the % of calories from carbs.

Answer 18

5.5g fat x 9 calories/g = 49.5 calories, 49.5/123 x 100 = 40% calories from fat

17g CHO x 4 calories/g = 68 calories, 68/123 x 100 = 55% calories from carbs

Question 19

Basic foods are…

Answer 19

… milk products, meats, fruits & veggies, and grains. The foods considered to form the basis of a nutritious diet

Question 20

Enriched and fortified foods are…

Answer 20

…foods to which nutrients have been added.

Question 21

Fast foods are…

Answer 21

restaurant foods that are available within minutes after order - traditionally burgers and fries

Question 22

Functional foods are…

Answer 22

…an attempt to define foods that are known to posses nutrients or nonnutrients that might protect against disease, however all nutrients can protect against disease in some way

Question 23

Natural foods are…

Answer 23

…a term implying wholeness

Question 24

Nutraceutical…

Answer 24

…describes a product that has been isolated from food , often sold in pill form for medical benifits

Question 25

Organic foods are…

Answer 25

…foods grown without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers

Question 26

Processed foods are…

Answer 26

…foods subjected to any process, such as milling, alteration of texture, or addition of additives

Question 27

Partitioned foods are…

Answer 27

…foods composed of parts of whole foods, like butter from milk, or sugar from cane. Often provide few nutrients and many calories

Question 28

Staple foods are…

Answer 28

…foods used frequently, like rice, or potatoes

Question 29

Studies that study individuals:

Answer 29

Case studies

Question 30

Studies that study populations:

Answer 30

Epidemiological studies

Question 31

Studies that study population with manipulation:

Answer 31

Intervention studies

Question 32

Studies that occur in tightly controlled conditions:

Answer 32

Laboratory Studies

Question 33

What is the scientific method

Answer 33

Observe and question –> Hypothesis and Prediction –> Experiment –> Results and Interpretations –> Hypothesis is either supported and you develop a theory, or it is not supported and you start from the beginning

Question 34

A blind experiment is…

Answer 34

…an experiment in which the subjects do not know weather they are members of the experiment or not

Question 35

A control group is…

Answer 35

…a group of individuals who are similar to the group being experimented on, but receive a fake experiment instead

Question 36

Correlation is…

Answer 36

…the simultaneous change of two factors

Question 37

Experimental groups are…

Answer 37

…people or animals participating in an experiment who receive treatment under investigation

Question 38

Placebo is…

Answer 38

… a sham treatment, a harmless medication.

Question 39

Randomized controlled trials (RCT) are…

Answer 39

…studies where the subjects are selected in such a way that they have an equal chance of being in the experimental group or the control group

Question 40

Def’n of “Nutrient Density”

Answer 40

A way to assess which foods are the most nutritious (eg. skim milk vs. ice cream)

Question 41

Is the term “Nutritionist” regulated?

Answer 41

No, the nutritionist may have a degree in nutrition or may be self-taught. Your pet can get a nutrition diploma from a diploma mill

Question 42

Is the term “Registered Diettitian (R.D) regulated?

Answer 42

Yes! They are a member of a provincial regulatory body, have a degree and internship