Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 7 steps of health?

A
No smoking
Eat 5-10 veggie/fruit servings per day
Be active
Wear sunscreen
Screen for cancer
Check ups with doctors and dentists 
Follow health and safety guidelines
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2
Q

What are the stages of the research process?

A

1- basic science, lab work
2- small number of human subjects
3- clinical trials and double blinds

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3
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

Protect healthy people from developing disease/injury

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4
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

Halt or slow progression of disease

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5
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Manage long-term problems, prevent deterioration and max quality of life

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6
Q

Gross level

A

Organ or system level

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7
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Treatment or procedure may cause disease

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8
Q

Pathogenesis

A

Development of disease

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9
Q

Prodromal

A

Early in development of disease
No true pathology
Symptoms vague

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10
Q

Sign

A

Objective

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11
Q

Symptom

A

Subjective

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12
Q

Subclinical state

A

No obvious manifestations but pathologic changes present

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13
Q

Syndrome

A

Collection of signs and symptoms

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14
Q

Prognosis

A

Probability of recovery

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15
Q

Incidence, prevalence, epidemics and pandemics are more common because of what?

A

Ability to travel

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16
Q

Morbidity

A

Disease rates within a group

17
Q

Mortality

A

Number of deaths resulting from disease

18
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase in size of cells

19
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Increase in the number of cells

20
Q

Metaplasia

A

Replacement of one type of cell with a mature cell type

21
Q

Dysplasia

A

Atypical cells

22
Q

Anaplasia

A

Undifferentiated cells

23
Q

Neoplasia

24
Q

Cell injury may be caused by

A
Ischemia 
Mechanical damage
Extreme heat or cold
Radiation
Chemical toxins
Microorganisms 
Accumulation of abnormal metabolites
Malnutrition 
Fluid or electrolyte imbalance
25
Hypoxia
Lack of oxygen and nutritional defecits
26
Pyroptosis
Damage due to inflammation
27
Where is liquification necrosis common?
Cells liquify in the brain
28
Coagulative necrosis
Protein denaturation in liver or kidney
29
Fat necrosis
Fat is broken down into fatty acids
30
Caseous necrosis
Thick, cheesy substance forms like in TB
31
Gangrene
Area of nectrotic tissue invaded by bacteria