Chapter 1

Question 1

What are the 7 steps of health?

Answer 1

No smoking
Eat 5-10 veggie/fruit servings per day
Be active
Wear sunscreen
Screen for cancer
Check ups with doctors and dentists 
Follow health and safety guidelines

Question 2

What are the stages of the research process?

Answer 2

1- basic science, lab work
2- small number of human subjects
3- clinical trials and double blinds

Question 3

What is primary prevention?

Answer 3

Protect healthy people from developing disease/injury

Question 4

What is secondary prevention?

Answer 4

Halt or slow progression of disease

Question 5

What is tertiary prevention?

Answer 5

Manage long-term problems, prevent deterioration and max quality of life

Question 6

Gross level

Answer 6

Organ or system level

Question 7

Iatrogenic

Answer 7

Treatment or procedure may cause disease

Question 8

Pathogenesis

Answer 8

Development of disease

Question 9

Prodromal

Answer 9

Early in development of disease
No true pathology
Symptoms vague

Question 10

Sign

Answer 10

Objective

Question 11

Symptom

Answer 11

Subjective

Question 12

Subclinical state

Answer 12

No obvious manifestations but pathologic changes present

Question 13

Syndrome

Answer 13

Collection of signs and symptoms

Question 14

Prognosis

Answer 14

Probability of recovery

Question 15

Incidence, prevalence, epidemics and pandemics are more common because of what?

Answer 15

Ability to travel

Question 16

Morbidity

Answer 16

Disease rates within a group

Question 17

Mortality

Answer 17

Number of deaths resulting from disease

Question 18

Hypertrophy

Answer 18

Increase in size of cells

Question 19

Hyperplasia

Answer 19

Increase in the number of cells

Question 20

Metaplasia

Answer 20

Replacement of one type of cell with a mature cell type

Question 21

Dysplasia

Answer 21

Atypical cells

Question 22

Anaplasia

Answer 22

Undifferentiated cells

Question 23

Neoplasia

Answer 23

Tumors

Question 24

Cell injury may be caused by

Answer 24

Ischemia 
Mechanical damage
Extreme heat or cold
Radiation
Chemical toxins
Microorganisms 
Accumulation of abnormal metabolites
Malnutrition 
Fluid or electrolyte imbalance

Question 25

Hypoxia

Answer 25

Lack of oxygen and nutritional defecits

Question 26

Pyroptosis

Answer 26

Damage due to inflammation

Question 27

Where is liquification necrosis common?

Answer 27

Cells liquify in the brain

Question 28

Coagulative necrosis

Answer 28

Protein denaturation in liver or kidney

Question 29

Fat necrosis

Answer 29

Fat is broken down into fatty acids

Question 30

Caseous necrosis

Answer 30

Thick, cheesy substance forms like in TB

Question 31

Gangrene

Answer 31

Area of nectrotic tissue invaded by bacteria