Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are the 7 steps of health?
No smoking Eat 5-10 veggie/fruit servings per day Be active Wear sunscreen Screen for cancer Check ups with doctors and dentists Follow health and safety guidelines
What are the stages of the research process?
1- basic science, lab work
2- small number of human subjects
3- clinical trials and double blinds
What is primary prevention?
Protect healthy people from developing disease/injury
What is secondary prevention?
Halt or slow progression of disease
What is tertiary prevention?
Manage long-term problems, prevent deterioration and max quality of life
Gross level
Organ or system level
Iatrogenic
Treatment or procedure may cause disease
Pathogenesis
Development of disease
Prodromal
Early in development of disease
No true pathology
Symptoms vague
Sign
Objective
Symptom
Subjective
Subclinical state
No obvious manifestations but pathologic changes present
Syndrome
Collection of signs and symptoms
Prognosis
Probability of recovery
Incidence, prevalence, epidemics and pandemics are more common because of what?
Ability to travel
Morbidity
Disease rates within a group
Mortality
Number of deaths resulting from disease
Hypertrophy
Increase in size of cells
Hyperplasia
Increase in the number of cells
Metaplasia
Replacement of one type of cell with a mature cell type
Dysplasia
Atypical cells
Anaplasia
Undifferentiated cells
Neoplasia
Tumors
Cell injury may be caused by
Ischemia Mechanical damage Extreme heat or cold Radiation Chemical toxins Microorganisms Accumulation of abnormal metabolites Malnutrition Fluid or electrolyte imbalance
Hypoxia
Lack of oxygen and nutritional defecits
Pyroptosis
Damage due to inflammation
Where is liquification necrosis common?
Cells liquify in the brain
Coagulative necrosis
Protein denaturation in liver or kidney
Fat necrosis
Fat is broken down into fatty acids
Caseous necrosis
Thick, cheesy substance forms like in TB
Gangrene
Area of nectrotic tissue invaded by bacteria
