Chapter 1 Flashcards
Define Health
-the state of complete physical, mental, and social
well being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
(WHO,1947)
Health and Wellness Continuum
Dynamic , ever-changing process in which a person
attempts to achieve one’s individual potential in each
of the interrelated dimensions of health
7 dimensions of health
Physical Social Intellectual Occupational Emotional Environmental Spiritual
What is the goal of dimensions in health
Aim to achieve balance in each of health and wellness dimensions
Define prevention
means taking action now to avoid becoming sick or less well later
Three preventions
- Primary
- Secondary
- Tertiary
Primary Prevention
actions designed to reduce the chances of a health issue arising, or perhaps to delay the age at which it occursu
Secondary Prevention
Intervention early in the development of a health problem to reduce symptoms or to halt or at the least delay its progression
Tertiary Prevention
Treatment or rehabilitation efforts aimed at limiting the effects of a disease.
Factors influencing behaviour change (3)
1) Predisposing
2) Enabling
3) Reinforcing
Predisposing Factors
- life experiences
- knowledge
- cultural and ethnic inheritance
- current beliefs
- values
Enabling Factors
Skills or abilities; physical, mental, and intellectual capabilities; and resources and accessible facilities that make health decisions more convenient or difficult
Reinforcing Factors
refers to the support and encouragement that come from significant others or situations in your life that enable a particular behaviour
Stages of Change (7)
1) precontemplation
2) contemplation
3) preparation
4) action
5) maintenance
6) termination
7) relapse
precontemplation stage
have no intention at the moment of changing
contemplation stage
people recognize that they need to change and are thinking about making a change
preparation stage
- people are close to making a change
- the know they need to change; they have been thinking about it and rare ready to come up with a plan
action stage
people actually make the change
maintenance stage
requires vigilance, attention to detail, and long term commitment
termination stage
- some believe this stage to not exist
- other believe that once a behaviour becomes ingrained in us it becomes replaced with new habits
relapse stage
refers to the times when one does not continue with the behaviour change
Health belief model (HBM)
Model for explaining how our beliefs about health may influence our attitudes and behaviours regarding our health and wellness
SMART Goals
Specific Measurable Attainable/Achievable Realistic Time-based
Circadian rhythm
the 24 hour cycle by which you are accustomed to going to sleep, waking up, and performing habitual behaviours
Non-REM (NREM) sleep
a period of restless sleep dominated by slow brain waves; during non-REM sleep. rapid eye movement is rare
REM sleep
a period of sleep characterized by brain wave activity similar to wakefulness; rapid eye movement and dreaming occur during REM sleep
Sleep debt
diff. b/w the # of hrs of sleep and individual needed imn a given time period and the number of hours he or she actually slept
Sleep Inertia
a state characterized by cognitive impairment, grogginess, and disorientation that is experienced upon rising from short sleep or an overly long nap
Insomnia
a disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep quickly, frequent arousals during sleep, or early morning awakening
Sleep Apnea
a disorder in which breathing is briefly and repeatedly interrupted during sleep
RLS
overwhelming urge to move the leg while at rest
