Chapter 1

Question 1

One of the biggest factors limiting the market potential for LED grow lights until recently was the availability of LED emitters that produce the _______________of light needed for needed for photosynthesis, particularly__________________.

Answer 1

Correct spectra

660- nanometer (nm) emitters

Question 2

______________measure the energy in light and describe how big (how small, actually) the _____________________is at various points along the light spectrum.

Answer 2

Nanometers

Wavelength of Light

Question 3

The 660nm emitter emits light in the far end of the _____________and is particularly important for _________________

Answer 3

Red Spectrum

Photosynthesis

Question 4

Newer LED lights offer significantly improved ____________and output ______________compared to earlier generations.

Answer 4

Spectrum

Strength

Question 5

A second, huge area of improvement is the “_________________” being paired with LED emitters. These small plastic __________________ are positioned atop LED emitters to intensify the light and direct it downward and outward.

Answer 5

Secondary Optics

Focusing Lenses

Question 6

Secondary optic lenses significantly improve the ________________of the light over the plants’ canopy and _________________ deep into the plants.

Answer 6

Evenness

Penetration

Question 7

Fact: A ________________high-intensity discharge (HID) light running a 12-hour bloom cycle every day uses 4.3 megawatts of electricity in a year.

At SCE’s current peak rate of $ 0.36 per kilowatt-hour, it costs more than $ 1,500 per year to run one 1000-watt grow light,

Answer 7

1000 watt

Question 8

Name 3 types of HID grow lights

Answer 8

high-pressure sodium (HPS)

metal halide (MH)

ceramic metal halide (CMH)

Question 9

In this book, high-pressure sodium (HPS), metal halide (MH), and ceramic metal halide (CMH) are referred to as ____________________.They are similar and often don’t need to be distinguished from each other. All of them create unnecessary ____________and deliver a _______________manufacturer-determined light spectrum.

Answer 9

HID grow lights or HIDs

Heat

Single

Question 10

HIDs produce lots of ______________ which are ____________________________________that can easily penetrate deep into a garden’s canopy.

Answer 10

Photons

A single packet of light energy at a specific wavelength

Question 11

A 1000-watt HPS lamp is only about _______________efficient when it comes to growing plants: it produces approximately 400 watts of _______________________________ between 400nm and 700nm, plus 600 watts of “heat” energy above 700nm.

Answer 11

40%

Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) between

Question 12

A 1000-watt HPS lamp is only about 40% efficient when it comes to growing plants: it produces approximately ____________watts of “photosynthetically active radiation” (PAR) between ________nm and _______nm, plus ________watts of “heat” energy above ___________nm.

Answer 12

400 watts, 400nm and 700 nm

600 watts, 700nm

Question 13

This heat comes from the method used to create the _____________.

HID lamps superheat a mixture of _________________until they glow.

Answer 13

Light

Mineral salts

Question 14

The manufacturing process for LED emitters is expensive, and it produces a wide range of emitter quality levels from batch to batch. Like early computer chips, only a small number of LED emitters produced using current processes are top quality.

Answer 14

The manufacturing process for LED emitters is expensive, and it produces a wide range of emitter quality levels from batch to batch. Like early computer chips, only a small number of LED emitters produced using current processes are top quality.