Chapter 1

Question 1

What are the three strategies to reduce substance use?

Answer 1

1. Supply reduction
2. Demand reduction
3. Harm reduction

Question 2

Definition: the process of enabling people to increase control over, and improve, their health. To reach a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.

Answer 2

Health promotion

Question 3

In _____, the first international conference on Health Promotion was held in _______

Answer 3

In 1986

In Ottawa

Question 4

Health and illness follows a ___ gradient. Whats the pattern/gradient?

Answer 4

A social gradient

The lower the socialeconomic position, the worse the health - even in Canada

Question 5

Define drugs

Answer 5

Any substance, natural or artificial, other than food, that its chemical nature alters structure or function in a living organism

Question 6

what is a psychoactive drug

Answer 6

a drug that specifically affects thoughts, emotions or behaviours

Question 7

what is an illicit drug

Answer 7

a drug that is unlawful to possess or use

Question 8

What is the difference between drug misuse and drug abuse

Answer 8

Drug misuse is when someone takes drugs in greater amounts than prescribed or in an unintended way; Drug abuse is when substances are used in a way or amount that causes socail, occupation, psychological, or physical problems

Question 9

What is drug dependence

Answer 9

when an individual uses a drug so frequently or consistently that stoppping would be very difficult

Question 10

What are the four principles of drug use

Answer 10

1. Drugs are not “good” or “bad”
2. Every drugs has mulitple effects
3. Both the size and quality of drug’s effect depends on amount of drug taken
4. The effects of an psychoactive drugs depends on users history and expectations

Question 11

What is the Canadian drugs and substances strategy

Answer 11

Prevention
Treatment
Harm reduction
Enforcement

Question 12

How do the surveys that we use to measure drug use work? What are their objectives?

Answer 12

• determine prevalence, incidences and patterns
• measure perosnla and social harms
• identify risk and protective factors related to drug use and consequences of such use in specific subgroups
• establish baselines for evaluatino of treatment and prevention program effectiveness

Question 13

How does gender correlate with drug use?
Level of education?
personality?
genetics?

Answer 13

• males more likely to use alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and other illicit drugs
• more education, more alcohol but less cannibis and other drug use
• little evidence for personalities
• genetic variance and substance related disorder association

Question 14

_______ in children predicts later initiation of drug use

Answer 14

aggressive behaviour

Question 15

how do gateway substances predict later drug use

Answer 15

They don’t cause later drug use but are an indicator of basic pattern of devieant beahviour that arises from psychosocial risk factors

Question 16

Societal, community, an family factors play an important role in whether an individuals __________
Drug factors play an important role in whether an individual _______

Answer 16

tries a drug

continues to use a drug

Question 17

what is the “Big event” :

Answer 17

colonialism

ex: residential schools