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A And P Review Questions > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Charactorics of most living organisms include the ability to

A

Grow and reproduce

Respond and adapt to their environment

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2
Q

Unicellular organisms exchange gas, eliminate wastes and absorb nutrients

A

Directly through their cell membranes

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3
Q

The waste products of metabolism are eliminated through the process of

A

Excretion

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4
Q

All of the chemical and physical changes taking place in the body refers to

A

Metabolism

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5
Q

The study of the first few weeks of life includes

A

Embryology

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6
Q

Studying anatomy by focusing on one region of the body and focusing on everything in that region is called

A

Gross anatomy

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7
Q

The study of structures using special imaging techniques is

A

Radiographic anatomy

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8
Q

The study of function is to_______ as the study of form is to anatomy

A

Physiology

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9
Q

The study of cells and cellular structures is called

A

Cytology

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10
Q

In dealing with physiology, function is related to

A

Form

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11
Q

A gastroenterologist studies the human body mainly with an approach resembling

A

Systemic anatomy

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12
Q

The branch of physiology that studies functions at the tissue level is called

A

Histophysiology

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13
Q

Which of the following is an organ : blood, heart, peritoneum, connective tissue, mitochondrion

A

Heart

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14
Q

A collection of cells that work together designates

A

Tissue

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15
Q

The following is the simplest level of organization

A

Chemical

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16
Q

Which of the following would be considered an organ: mitochondrion, blood, fat, skin, heart muscle

A

Skin

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17
Q

Cells are considered the smallest units of life because

A

Cells are composed of atoms, which, chemically, are the smallest units of structure

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18
Q

The fact that a single defective protein causes cystic fibrosis, a multisystemic illness, proves that

A

All levels of organization within an organism are interdependent

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19
Q

Covering protection from infection, thermoregulation, and hormone production are functions of what system

A

Integumentary

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20
Q

The production of another organism is the function of which of the following systems

A

Reproductive

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21
Q

Regulation of the body using rapid changes caused by electrical signals is characteristic of the

A

Nervous system

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22
Q

The trachea and lungs are components of the

A

Respiratory system

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23
Q

The pituitary and thyroid glands are components of the

A

Endocrine system

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24
Q

Gas exchange is a function of the

A

Respiratory system

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25
Q

Lungs are to the respiratory system as the spleen is to the

A

Lymphoid system

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26
Q

Hormones, glands and target cells are associated with the

A

Skeletal, muscular, integumentary and endocrine systems

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27
Q

Which of the following is characteristics of the endocrine system

A

Can produce effects that last for days or longs

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28
Q

Which of the following are parts of a homeostatic mechanism

A

Receptor, control center, and effector

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29
Q

Imagine someone is cold and responds by putting on more clothes. This regulation mechanism is an example of

A

A behavioral change and is not related to the internal environment

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30
Q

The prevention of change and the shutdown of an overactive organ are examples of

A

Negative feedback

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31
Q

The increasingly forceful labor contraction that lead to childbirth are an example of the type of mechanism

A

Positive feedback

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32
Q

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback

A

Increased pressure in the aorta triggers mechanisms to lower blood pressure

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33
Q

A person who is lying on his stomach is said to be in the

A

Prone position

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34
Q

Which indicates the back of the body

A

Posterior and dorsal

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35
Q

Which of the following is medial to the breast

A

Sternum

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36
Q

The wrist is considered ________ to the elbow

A

Distal

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37
Q

The naval is _______ to the chin

A

Inferior

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38
Q

Which of the following regions corresponds to the groin

A

Pelvic

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39
Q

In the terminology of planes and sections which example includes two terms with identical meanings

A

Frontal/coronal

40
Q

Which of the following regions corresponds to the foot

A

Pedal

41
Q

This portion of the body contains the upper and lower limbs

A

Appendicular

42
Q

Referring to the back means

A

Dorsal

43
Q

Anterior is to _______ as posterior is to dorsal

A

Ventral

44
Q

Organs that are protected by bone are found in what part of their body

A

Axial

45
Q

A cut passing through the midline of the body that divides it into unequal left and right halves is known as this type of plane

A

Parasagittal

46
Q

The heart, lungs and small intestine would be found in the

A

Ventral body cavity

47
Q

The diaphragm separates the ______ cavity’s from the _______ cavity

A

Thoracic

Abdominopelvic

48
Q

The heart is surrounded by

A

Pericardial

49
Q

The membrane covering the surface of the stomach is named the

A

Visceral peritoneum

50
Q

The membrane covering the surface of the lung is referred to as the

A

Visceral pleura

51
Q

The main function of a serous membrane is to

A

Reduce friction

52
Q

The peritoneal cavity contains the

A

Small intestine

53
Q

Mary who is 6 months pregnant goes to her physican for a retest to check the development of her fetus. The physician uses a device that employs sound waves to produce an image. The technique is known as

A

Ultrasound

54
Q

A diagnostic technique that employs a radiodense dye injected into blood vessels is called

A

Angiogram

55
Q

The ventral body cavity contains the

A

Abdominal, pericardial, pelvic and pleural cavities

56
Q

The mediastinum separates ________ from the ________

A

One pleural cavity; other pleural cavity

57
Q

The study of body structure is called

A

Anatomy

58
Q

The branch of biological science that deals with how the kidney functions is called ____________ physiology

A

Renal

59
Q

A structure that senses change is called a

A

Receptor

60
Q

The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions with respect to the external environment is called

A

Homeostasis

61
Q

In ________ feedback the initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus

A

Positive

62
Q

A mechanism that brings the internal environment back to normal is ____________ mechanism

A

Negative feedback

63
Q

A person lying face up in the anatomical position is said to be in the ___________ position

A

Supine

64
Q

The forearm is called the

A

Antebrachium

65
Q

The term ___________ refers to the back of the knee

A

Popliteal

66
Q

The term __________ refers to the wrist

A

Carpal

67
Q

A cut parallel to the midsagittal line would produce a _________ section

A

Parasagittal or Sagittal

68
Q

Using anatomical terms of direction, supply the word that would make the sentence correct

The stomach is __________ to the lungs

A

Inferior

69
Q

The knee is _________ to the foot

A

Proximal

70
Q
  1. Atom
  2. Cell
  3. Lungs
  4. Heart and blood vessels
  5. Tissue
A
  1. smallest level of organization
  2. Individual living entity
  3. Organ
  4. Organ system
  5. Group of cells
71
Q

Primary function of the integumentary system

A

Protection from environment

72
Q

Primary function of the muscular system

A

Locomotion and heat production

73
Q

Primary function of the endocrine system

A

Directing long term changes

74
Q

Primary function of the cardiovascular system

A

Internal transport of materials

75
Q

Primary function of the respiratory system

A

Delivery of air for gas exchange

76
Q

Primary function of the urinary system

A

Elimination of excess water

77
Q

Primary function of the reproductive system

A

Production of sex cells

78
Q

Primary function of the skeletal system

A

Support and protection

79
Q

Primary function of the nervous system

A

Directing responses to stimuli

80
Q

Primary function of the lymphoid system

A

Defense against infection

81
Q

Primary function of the digestive system

A

Processing of food

82
Q

Structure found within the organ system of endocrine system

A

Pituitary gland

83
Q

Structure found within the organ system of urinary system

A

Urethra

84
Q

Structure found within the organ system of digestive system

A

Liver

85
Q

Structure found within the organ system of skeletal system

A

Ligaments

86
Q

Structure found within the organ system of circulatory system

A

Arteries

87
Q

Organ near body region cranial

A

Brain

88
Q

Organ near body region vertebral

A

Spinal cord

89
Q

Organ near body region mammary

A

Lungs

90
Q

Organ near body region abdominal

A

Liver

91
Q

Organ near body region pelvic

A

Urinary bladder

92
Q

Body region and its location; popliteal

A

Back of knee

93
Q

Body region and its location; dorsal

A

Midline of back

94
Q

Body region and its location; orbital

A

Eye

95
Q

Body region and its location; antecubital

A

Front of elbow

96
Q

Body region and its location; digital

A

Fingers or toes

A And P Review Questions (1 decks)

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