Chapter 1 Flashcards
State a Proton’s location and charge
In the Nucleus
Positive charge
+0.1602x10^-18 Coulombs (C)
State a Neutron’s location and charge
In the Nucleus Neutral charge (no charge)
State an Electron’s location and charge
Orbits the Nucleus in orbits/shells Negative charge (attracted to Protons) Electron charge = -0.1602x10^-18 Coulombs (C)
Define a Molecule
An electrically neutral group of two or more atoms
State and define the two types of Ions
Cation - A molecule or atom with a positive charge
Anion - A molecule or atom with a negative charge
How many Electrons/sec in 1 Amp?
6.24x10^18 Electrons/sec
Define a compound
A substance formed from multiple molecules
How are molecules bonded in a compound?
Covalent bonds
How are Ions bonded in a compound?
Ionic bonds
How are Inter-metallic materials bonded in a compound?
Metallic bonds
Define a conductor
Less than four electrons per valence shell. Valence shell free-electrons move freely between atoms due to atom density.
Define a Semi-conductor
8 electrons per valence shell, 4 electrons per atom due to the sharing of electrons between atoms.
Define an Insulator
More than 4 electrons in valence shell, non-conductor, tightly packed electrons result in no free electrons
Define how static electricity is formed
When materials are rubbed together, free electrons are handed over from valence shell, produces via contact, friction or induction.
State the Electrostatic laws
Opposite charges attract
Like charges repel
